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Stem-cell populations are established in ‘niches’ — specific anatomic locations that regulate how they5 P( [( k$ J' k2 F1 I
participate in tissue generation, maintenance and repair. The niche saves stem cells from depletion,1 j7 _' G' m# s; f8 [9 O% E" r+ ^5 q
while protecting the host from over-exuberant stem-cell proliferation. It constitutes a basic unit of tissue* H# ^9 F# z' `
physiology, integrating signals that mediate the balanced response of stem cells to the needs of organisms.# L8 k4 X! W. L$ C- P9 \2 x/ l
Yet the niche may also induce pathologies by imposing aberrant function on stem cells or other targets. The8 m3 Y8 x# V$ p& U" M
interplay between stem cells and their niche creates the dynamic system necessary for sustaining tissues, and- A3 F7 r7 o! d6 g6 J
for the ultimate design of stem-cell therapeutics. |
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