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本帖最后由 细胞海洋 于 2014-10-24 09:51 编辑
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# X* L4 t' l# V% |在此省略实验试剂和仪器设备步骤/ h, d3 B' D0 I) w6 v! i" T
成纤维细胞的制备
! ~* h4 `( T9 z1. 从鼠胚胎(A,MEF)或者鼠尾尖(B,TTF)获得成纤维细胞。一般情况下,胚胎成纤维细胞能得到更多ips colonies1 C# q& Q) X/ c7 m7 G; Q, C* j
A 时间:15d
* d/ o6 z6 p1 T2 k5 s" v4 g) H) ^+ }2 p0 n(1) 通过断颈杀死怀孕13.5d的雌鼠,分离子宫并用PBS作简单清洗。
+ i& f3 ?: O# b$ `/ R; G(2) 用镊子将胚胎从胎盘和周围被膜组织中分离开来,将胚胎的头部,内脏组织和生殖腺去除2 a4 ?) m$ H1 ^! u
(3) 将胚胎移至装有fresh PBS的100-mm dish中清洗,用剪刀将剩余体躯剪碎,移至装有0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo)的50-ml conical tube,37°孵育20min
9 l3 F* J; M1 }1 p/ a) M(4) 另加0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo),37°孵育20min ! S$ }, l! z+ h: ^0 D
(5) 加等量的FP medium (6 ml per embryo),反复吹打使组织充分分开
. a% G) W' r' q" M7 B(6) Keep the tissue/medium mixture still for 5 min at room temperature (20–25 °) 以去除杂质,将上清移至另一新的50-ml conical tube。200g离心5min,弃上清,使沉淀重新悬浮于新的介质中。
* x/ P- I5 k \- X. B(7) 细胞计数,在FP medium中调整为1 ×106 cells per ml。通常,一个胚胎能获得约1×107个细胞。将细胞悬浮液移至 100-mm 组织培养皿 (1 ×107 cells per dish), 37 °5% CO2 下孵育 24 h (passage 1)
' k1 T. a4 V$ A+ l$ b(8) 第二天,用PBS清洗以移除漂浮的细胞。 M: P" Q3 d1 o% y6 B L' T
(9) 当细胞充分汇合时,去掉FP培养基,用PBS清洗一次,用1 ml of 0.05% trypsin and+ i) Z& j! X5 ], W$ ]
0.53 mM EDTA 消化 5 min。脱落之后,加9 ml of FP medium并吹打使之悬浮。移至新的100-ml皿并作1:4的稀释(passage 2)。三代以内的MEFs作为ips的细胞来源,避免衰老。
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尾尖(B)时间:10d
) }' p' k+ m1 U$ J; M在此略$ f' `- G% }$ G4 t/ T4 F8 K0 x
解冻 SNL cells TIMING 0.5 h* y3 D4 c' N4 M* X8 l7 x0 s
(1) 准备9ml的SNL medium于15ml的tube中* {2 j( R; U' r
(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻SNL cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞)
1 p1 s# Z' w4 r7 w(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1)' F. G1 H, M, P1 Q
(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清* d; E" x; U% G8 ~* G5 \
(5) 用10 ml of SNL medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm皿。37°,5% CO2: J3 i2 @9 |% K' `3 `
孵育,直到达到80–90%汇合
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CRITICAL STEP 不要让细胞过度汇合,否则会影响它们作为feeder的效果。: a* @% Z4 n: k4 Y: p. C
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SNL cells的传代 time:0.5h
5 j% I8 H% R/ b(1) 弃培养液,用PBS清洗细胞一次, |! q+ ^& T3 z$ C6 g
(2) 吸出PBS,加入0.5 ml per dish of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min
( k- Z: [. v7 i, Z(3) 加4.5 ml 的 SNL medium,吹打数次使细胞成为单层细胞
9 V! I3 D+ g. p7 a(4) 通过加入SNL medium调整细胞悬浮液为160ml,移至gelatin-coated dishes (10 ml per 10-cm dish)。This splits the cells 1:16。37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至细胞80–90%汇合。This should happen 3–4 d after passage
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7 G5 ~$ y* V; ~# p/ {5 F: o' m8 oMitomycin C-inactivation of SNL cells TIMING 3 h
, f2 x: d8 n6 @+ V(1) 直接加0.3ml 0.4 mg ml–1 mitomycin C solution 到the culture medium of SNL dish,swirl it briefly(短暂地),37 °, 5% CO2孵育2.25 h。The final concentration of mitomycin C will be 12 微g ml–1* d0 n3 l7 d; h# d4 H$ M
(2) 孵育后,吸出所有的mitomycin C-containing medium,用10ml的PBS清洗细胞两次。' B* W2 \9 i; L% }- C
(3) 吸出PBS,加0.5 ml of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,摇晃使cover the entire surface,然后室温下静置1min
4 C: z: n4 [7 J5 V7 _(4) 加5ml SNL medium中和trypsin,反复吹打使细胞成为单层。Pool the cell suspension into a 50-ml tube ,细胞计数。Seed the cells on gelatin-coated dishes (1 × 106 cells per 100-mm tissue culture dish, or 1.5 ×105 cells per well of 6-well plate)
! o* r- I6 G8 t5 U! @# Y(5) 细胞之间不应该有太大间隙。They should become ready for usage by the next day.% d6 k9 Z1 [! r, W9 L) b* @, q
PAUSE POINT
1 T$ s* Q( s1 R( J C* s+ MThe mitomycin C-treated SNL dishes 在用之前 can be left for 最多一周! `* O1 k" q9 ?5 M5 q. q* i$ `
% R7 g7 c/ |+ t解冻 Plat-E cells TIMING 0.5 h(与解冻 SNL cells操作基本一样)( _( r1 `' O3 z3 o6 h0 J9 U
(1) 准备9ml的FP medium于15ml的tube中, ^, V& w' T% p9 `7 z9 ?$ R" d2 t
(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻Plat-E cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞)/ U% d% }/ V) [+ K; S' P0 Q" ^
(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1)
( L) ~6 F: a( c% Y( T7 W' K(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清
# {0 z8 f0 K( j- c4 E) M' Z- Q/ @(5) 用10 ml of FP medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm 皿。37°5% CO2孵育
' P) a7 Q- z( Z(6) 第二天,用新的培养基(添加了1 微g ml–1的puromycin和10 微g ml–1 的blastcidin S)替换原来的培养基。继续37 °, 5% CO2 孵育直至它们 80–90% 汇合
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) p! a' `4 o0 [" dPlat-E cells传代 TIMING 0.5h
9 H$ v6 l3 L! v2 O% \(1) 吸出PBS,加入4 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min。轻拍,使细胞从培养皿上分离下来,用10 ml FP medium使细胞重新悬浮,转移至15ml tube中。180g离心5min,吸出上清. c$ y: ?6 V# v
(2) 加入适当体积的FP medium,反复吹打,使细胞成为单层,Seed them to new 100-ml dishes at 1:4–1:6 dilution。细胞应该在2-3天内汇合
. w" f' J4 e8 V G5 }( b% }% ~Day 1: retrovirus production; Plat-E preparation TIMING 1 h4 j3 t* u: M1 {/ ~' @; x! j* _- @* _
(1) 用PBS清洗细胞,加入4 ml 的0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min; |2 a( _2 F, A/ S. X% P
(2) 之后,加 10 ml FP medium 到 the Plat-E dish,轻轻吹打使细胞悬浮,将细胞悬浮液移至50ml tube。FP culture medium used in this period contains neither puromycin nor blasticidin S
- i5 T" p/ n" Y* i(3) 180g离心5min3 D U0 |) y$ E Q9 h
(4) 弃上清,用手指轻拍以打散沉淀细胞,用适量的FP medium 使细胞重新悬浮3 A1 z7 q' H& M8 [3 U R0 j; v
(5) 细胞计数,用FP medium将细胞浓度调整为8 ×105 cells per ml: ]/ D* F! r5 u* C& D0 t0 p
(6) Seed cells at 8 ×106 cells (10 ml) per 100-mm culture dish, and 孵育过夜at 37 °, 5% CO2) m8 Y, d9 y0 v. F6 @8 W# l" d
Day 2: retrovirus production; transfection into Plat-E cells TIMING 1 h
1 |4 f \, B. N# r(1) 移 0.3 ml DMEM into a 1.5-ml tube6 v* ]7 W: f8 B
(2) 在(1)中的tube 中加入27微升的Fugene 6 transfection reagent,用手指轻拍混匀,室温下孵育5min( |% q% n, A6 K, ~% I# R4 J9 f% e
(3) 加入9 微克 of pMXs plasmid DNA (encoding Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc)到Fugene 6/DMEM-containing tube(drop-by-drop),用手指轻拍混匀,孵育15min% w u, w, D# p2 N# D
(4) 逐滴将DNA/Fugene 6 complex 加到 Plat-E dish中,37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜
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! s+ d5 ]8 z; R3 k- t$ ~ P: |5 h5 M关键步骤: b0 L* Q! U% f, R) {; I% _6 l
Also transfect with a suitable control;we use pMXs retroviral vector GFP to monitor transfection efficiency。We routinely obtain efficiency >80%. High-efficient transfection is crucial for iPS cell induction
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4 l+ r+ J; [, XDay 3: retrovirus production (continued) TIMING 0.5 h
% h* n" W! N8 d+ g吸出transfection reagent–containing medium,加入10ml新的FP培养基,return the cells to the incubator
5 }# [7 U' a5 `Preparation of fibroblasts TIMING 1 h
$ ?& {0 z! _& M$ H p0 k1 |8 {(1) 培养MEF或TTF(passage< 3)至约90%汇合in 10-cm dishes(约2×106 cells per dish)- s% h+ T A2 n/ q+ o# W
(2) 吸出培养基,用10ml的PBS清洗
9 I4 L$ d' g# e* [(3) 弃PBS,加1 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,37°孵育10min
1 U: l# h% B' B( v4 X(4) 加9ml培养基,使细胞悬浮且为单层,移至50ml tube中
. |& w' W' Q. j* H# Q/ X(5) 细胞计数,调整细胞浓度为8×104 cells per ml。移10ml细胞悬浮液至有mitomycin C-inactivated SNL cells的100-mm dish (use puromycin-resistant feeder cells for NanogGFP-IRES-Puro)。37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜。
2 P! {5 e9 F) n& K& FDay 4: retroviral infection TIMING 0.5 h9 {3 y" M/ T/ d. j
(1) 用灭过的10-ml一次性注射器收集 medium from the Plat-E dish,通过 0.45-mm孔径大小的醋酸纤维素过滤器过滤,后移至15ml tube 。
* k3 H( c2 D. _(2) 加5 微升的 8 mg ml–1 polybrene solution 到 the 10-ml filtrated virus-containing medium,轻轻的反复吹打使之混匀,The final concentration of polybrene will be 4微g ml–1
5 m3 R# T4 Y6 Q# ^% V6 h& O2 t(3) Make a mixture of equal parts of the medium containing Oct-3/4-, Sox2-, Klf4- and c-Myc-retroviruses.
6 e4 x; o. _; z0 \4 }; u关键步骤
( P3 `2 @, g9 D. E* C$ S8 G( }Retroviruses should be used freshly.不要冷冻,否则您将不会获得ips细胞。Retrovirus滴度对于ips细胞产生相当重要,The freeze/thaw step 降低病毒滴度
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. b9 c7 I! Z- s' `# e( ^(4) 从fibroblast dish中吸出medium,加入10 ml of the polybrene/virus-containing medium。37 °, 5% CO2孵育4h或者过夜
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Day 5 and 6 TIMING 5 min each day
: q& l9 R9 z! I2 V7 ~" z24或者48h之后,从fibroblast dish中吸出 medium,加入10ml新鲜PBS
. l, N' ?. I/ F# cDay 7 TIMING 5 min
$ {' Y% ?# E6 [* m1 M6 k' j弃培养基,加入10 ml ES medium,For Fbx15βgeo/βgeo selection, the medium should be supplemented with 0.3 mg ml–1 of G4187 @ h+ O, m! B1 j% x
Day 8–10 TIMING 5 min each day
& e: y( f C1 k6 v每天更换培养基(分别在24,48,72h后)! P( f$ Z# i/ l' o
Day 11 TIMING 5 min
3 O! ]0 D8 T9 U, w$ `8 O For NanogGFP-IRES-Puro selection, add puromycin to the medium at the final concentration of 1.5 mg ml–1! m! k! l. v# b$ Z
Day 12 TIMING 约5 min each day
9 P7 C1 w6 X6 t1 A# x1 @0 `5 d# s% F每天换液,直至colony becomes big enough to be picked up. Colonies should first become visible approximately 病毒转染1周后. They should become large enough to be picked up around day 20(TROUBLESHOOTING 1). t5 ^, _4 i* g3 A
Counting the colonies: 结晶紫染色 TIMING 1 d
3 g- T, m* { f. [) b a- u7 |- }" {(1) colonies收集后,完全吸出PBS,加入5ml甲醇固定剩余细胞,室温下孵育1min" A3 e3 w) L, X* r& _ k' a
(2) Wash the dishes twice with water." I7 Z' f0 {; o, U* \( H1 W
(3) 加 5 ml 0.1% 结晶紫溶液到皿中,室温下孵育5min+ T0 o5 ?' q+ ^* T F/ y% o, q8 J
(4) Wash the dishes with water* Q% h7 p9 M+ @
(5) Photograph the dishes and count the number of colonies.
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Expansion of iPS cells TIMING 1 h) ]: H* C9 y5 l8 V% N1 T3 r& A7 e+ Q
(1) 弃培养基,用1ml PBS清洗细胞1 b2 H9 Q2 A' u W$ v
(2) 彻底remove PBS,加 0.1 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min
( U( }9 V* `4 q% E) s- i* _1 \(3) 加0.4 ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层
) b5 i, S, g% o" U(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至 a well of 6-well plate,加1.5 ml ES medium,37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至达到80–90%汇合in 6-well plates。At this point, prepare frozen stock of the cells, as follows(TROUBLESHOOTING 2). e5 j" [. O2 E0 n. Z- V8 T
Preparation of freeze stock TIMING 1 h2 G2 u- b( _% ]5 q6 O
(1) 弃培养基,用2ml PBS清洗
a6 X4 _! R7 e- |" a9 ^/ z3 o(2) 彻底remove PBS,加入0.3 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min
" Y( `: e6 [/ O# r& O: H* z! w(3) 加2ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层
4 ^: E: v2 {3 H- t(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至15ml tube,细胞计数,160g离心5min% d+ y9 q5 W0 }/ g. N& J% [
(5) 弃上清,用ES重新悬浮细胞至2×106 cells per ml
! j$ t$ c& s( T9 N! S(6) Prepare 2×freezing medium (20% DMSO in ES medium) and 小份分装(每小瓶0.5 ml)
% N# C6 ~. k0 N- {. b* g(7) 加0.5ml细胞悬浮液到freeze vials(冻存小瓶)中,轻轻混匀
; [, S" i2 O8 w' A( b' Q(8) Put the vials in a cell-freezing container and keep it at –80 °overnight (TROUBLESHOOTING 3)
d1 q3 m \- q1 M% wPAUSE POINT
# ~( M o- G+ e4 g+ T: M7 `For long-term storage, keep frozen cells in the gas phase of a liquid nitrogen tank." o6 |/ x" `) t- d3 r
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