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本帖最后由 细胞海洋 于 2014-10-24 09:51 编辑
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1 \+ J4 v Y* M6 Q) L7 K G3 T在此省略实验试剂和仪器设备步骤7 l8 W# e5 ^! |9 ^& _; J5 c! i
成纤维细胞的制备
. Y0 `) C+ t) P) s1. 从鼠胚胎(A,MEF)或者鼠尾尖(B,TTF)获得成纤维细胞。一般情况下,胚胎成纤维细胞能得到更多ips colonies X7 O. z) O3 c* q: Z) z# U8 t, m
A 时间:15d: S, I( m/ Q! U' w9 R
(1) 通过断颈杀死怀孕13.5d的雌鼠,分离子宫并用PBS作简单清洗。, k% l% ?* j! ? L! q
(2) 用镊子将胚胎从胎盘和周围被膜组织中分离开来,将胚胎的头部,内脏组织和生殖腺去除
0 v! m* R( O* V$ w(3) 将胚胎移至装有fresh PBS的100-mm dish中清洗,用剪刀将剩余体躯剪碎,移至装有0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo)的50-ml conical tube,37°孵育20min ( g: K6 \0 L, R' a
(4) 另加0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo),37°孵育20min 4 B% t) c8 X6 \) S2 t# m
(5) 加等量的FP medium (6 ml per embryo),反复吹打使组织充分分开
2 ?( y* v, ?/ ~% A, h9 n(6) Keep the tissue/medium mixture still for 5 min at room temperature (20–25 °) 以去除杂质,将上清移至另一新的50-ml conical tube。200g离心5min,弃上清,使沉淀重新悬浮于新的介质中。6 ?( r& O" ?. |9 e: T1 x r- m' q
(7) 细胞计数,在FP medium中调整为1 ×106 cells per ml。通常,一个胚胎能获得约1×107个细胞。将细胞悬浮液移至 100-mm 组织培养皿 (1 ×107 cells per dish), 37 °5% CO2 下孵育 24 h (passage 1)1 N4 T! l" u% e
(8) 第二天,用PBS清洗以移除漂浮的细胞。
" O$ \2 ~: h% s1 Z7 k7 X' p; M: ?(9) 当细胞充分汇合时,去掉FP培养基,用PBS清洗一次,用1 ml of 0.05% trypsin and' H: t, g3 u: P: l5 n" u
0.53 mM EDTA 消化 5 min。脱落之后,加9 ml of FP medium并吹打使之悬浮。移至新的100-ml皿并作1:4的稀释(passage 2)。三代以内的MEFs作为ips的细胞来源,避免衰老。
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" G! G& R( M3 q: A& H5 r. ^尾尖(B)时间:10d$ K; c% X" F3 h. F$ M
在此略
8 M( }# v( b( f$ O# D B解冻 SNL cells TIMING 0.5 h0 X2 H8 n2 P+ h9 M
(1) 准备9ml的SNL medium于15ml的tube中
1 S7 N. m. b7 P! Z8 ~0 Q. d8 q(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻SNL cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞)7 I6 f0 `% h6 D8 _
(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1)5 n9 z) h0 m/ {; {* e7 ]" a
(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清
$ J1 ?) z" ^% a(5) 用10 ml of SNL medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm皿。37°,5% CO2
0 l V2 w+ P! ]8 \0 L& c孵育,直到达到80–90%汇合
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CRITICAL STEP 不要让细胞过度汇合,否则会影响它们作为feeder的效果。
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SNL cells的传代 time:0.5h
# R: R! D7 d( E" W(1) 弃培养液,用PBS清洗细胞一次, S+ f9 Z! U* J3 P d$ k h7 D
(2) 吸出PBS,加入0.5 ml per dish of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min/ O! u; q" f( h+ J) Z& {
(3) 加4.5 ml 的 SNL medium,吹打数次使细胞成为单层细胞" w0 I7 F* H3 v( C m$ V
(4) 通过加入SNL medium调整细胞悬浮液为160ml,移至gelatin-coated dishes (10 ml per 10-cm dish)。This splits the cells 1:16。37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至细胞80–90%汇合。This should happen 3–4 d after passage
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Mitomycin C-inactivation of SNL cells TIMING 3 h
( I' Q+ O6 c6 Q& b; r(1) 直接加0.3ml 0.4 mg ml–1 mitomycin C solution 到the culture medium of SNL dish,swirl it briefly(短暂地),37 °, 5% CO2孵育2.25 h。The final concentration of mitomycin C will be 12 微g ml–1
3 P: O" C4 a6 l1 t3 t% m3 a(2) 孵育后,吸出所有的mitomycin C-containing medium,用10ml的PBS清洗细胞两次。
P0 S/ i# y) ](3) 吸出PBS,加0.5 ml of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,摇晃使cover the entire surface,然后室温下静置1min' z; {; K! P$ G U- X2 X& C( V
(4) 加5ml SNL medium中和trypsin,反复吹打使细胞成为单层。Pool the cell suspension into a 50-ml tube ,细胞计数。Seed the cells on gelatin-coated dishes (1 × 106 cells per 100-mm tissue culture dish, or 1.5 ×105 cells per well of 6-well plate)
0 ~# a w6 p* {: x5 w8 `- O/ D; ^(5) 细胞之间不应该有太大间隙。They should become ready for usage by the next day.8 P1 ~1 m0 p: I5 G( X# \
PAUSE POINT
* v: J8 r/ {: F2 sThe mitomycin C-treated SNL dishes 在用之前 can be left for 最多一周" t/ C0 p6 m! m. G
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解冻 Plat-E cells TIMING 0.5 h(与解冻 SNL cells操作基本一样)
3 W2 x1 b! T- V% |# S(1) 准备9ml的FP medium于15ml的tube中
6 y& H" n: Q K8 K. X$ l% m(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻Plat-E cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞)
' r, g# j6 K# N, z(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1)
% l3 N% N; J2 O3 j& O |, K(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清
4 ?& F% P9 F3 [2 T3 T2 ?, P' i(5) 用10 ml of FP medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm 皿。37°5% CO2孵育2 f9 h3 i$ H S* ?7 ]0 T" v0 A
(6) 第二天,用新的培养基(添加了1 微g ml–1的puromycin和10 微g ml–1 的blastcidin S)替换原来的培养基。继续37 °, 5% CO2 孵育直至它们 80–90% 汇合6 e7 c0 V' r5 ^' Q; X
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Plat-E cells传代 TIMING 0.5h
0 w1 Y# d, \* \$ Q8 W6 z(1) 吸出PBS,加入4 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min。轻拍,使细胞从培养皿上分离下来,用10 ml FP medium使细胞重新悬浮,转移至15ml tube中。180g离心5min,吸出上清9 @" G5 H; u$ k
(2) 加入适当体积的FP medium,反复吹打,使细胞成为单层,Seed them to new 100-ml dishes at 1:4–1:6 dilution。细胞应该在2-3天内汇合( ^1 _' R4 M' l7 H, Z6 Q
Day 1: retrovirus production; Plat-E preparation TIMING 1 h
, v! u! |+ V" Z0 j: [! g7 A) S- z(1) 用PBS清洗细胞,加入4 ml 的0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min
3 K7 G( G& y9 ^. y, q+ n(2) 之后,加 10 ml FP medium 到 the Plat-E dish,轻轻吹打使细胞悬浮,将细胞悬浮液移至50ml tube。FP culture medium used in this period contains neither puromycin nor blasticidin S
l# m- D0 i5 G7 U9 A(3) 180g离心5min
1 L+ o* U" G6 a6 Y(4) 弃上清,用手指轻拍以打散沉淀细胞,用适量的FP medium 使细胞重新悬浮
7 \8 f* r T% ~: Z4 z, j(5) 细胞计数,用FP medium将细胞浓度调整为8 ×105 cells per ml1 w: a; ]7 w. |0 D% M
(6) Seed cells at 8 ×106 cells (10 ml) per 100-mm culture dish, and 孵育过夜at 37 °, 5% CO2" n& t; q8 L) I
Day 2: retrovirus production; transfection into Plat-E cells TIMING 1 h$ S5 N, d+ U: B2 B) B
(1) 移 0.3 ml DMEM into a 1.5-ml tube& o3 Q6 z1 U! R7 @. z5 B: N
(2) 在(1)中的tube 中加入27微升的Fugene 6 transfection reagent,用手指轻拍混匀,室温下孵育5min
2 T& r; S# \! t& i G(3) 加入9 微克 of pMXs plasmid DNA (encoding Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc)到Fugene 6/DMEM-containing tube(drop-by-drop),用手指轻拍混匀,孵育15min0 D" Q7 r, f+ M& B* L
(4) 逐滴将DNA/Fugene 6 complex 加到 Plat-E dish中,37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜2 r. o3 k# [. `3 D1 U
1 n+ @# Y7 X, Q; v; @: d1 Z7 \关键步骤7 p( d& x" R( |' c, M
Also transfect with a suitable control;we use pMXs retroviral vector GFP to monitor transfection efficiency。We routinely obtain efficiency >80%. High-efficient transfection is crucial for iPS cell induction
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Day 3: retrovirus production (continued) TIMING 0.5 h x7 h3 B. R; M5 s6 m. E% d" |
吸出transfection reagent–containing medium,加入10ml新的FP培养基,return the cells to the incubator; W! ?( U' L/ f1 T) j
Preparation of fibroblasts TIMING 1 h7 h; I3 _( J- z- y( E! d( _
(1) 培养MEF或TTF(passage< 3)至约90%汇合in 10-cm dishes(约2×106 cells per dish)+ M3 {' a! \" {
(2) 吸出培养基,用10ml的PBS清洗
& g3 l. r% a6 T1 i/ Y(3) 弃PBS,加1 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,37°孵育10min
, \$ G9 }. O1 ]# w8 M' z; I& E5 M(4) 加9ml培养基,使细胞悬浮且为单层,移至50ml tube中
2 t- m7 T) I) z4 ~ B8 g' V2 s& `7 w(5) 细胞计数,调整细胞浓度为8×104 cells per ml。移10ml细胞悬浮液至有mitomycin C-inactivated SNL cells的100-mm dish (use puromycin-resistant feeder cells for NanogGFP-IRES-Puro)。37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜。
2 G; ~# ?3 u0 V. y( pDay 4: retroviral infection TIMING 0.5 h4 Q5 Q `3 R& \
(1) 用灭过的10-ml一次性注射器收集 medium from the Plat-E dish,通过 0.45-mm孔径大小的醋酸纤维素过滤器过滤,后移至15ml tube 。
& c1 }9 T( @ |) [(2) 加5 微升的 8 mg ml–1 polybrene solution 到 the 10-ml filtrated virus-containing medium,轻轻的反复吹打使之混匀,The final concentration of polybrene will be 4微g ml–1
( }$ {, F& O' L) {. D- v(3) Make a mixture of equal parts of the medium containing Oct-3/4-, Sox2-, Klf4- and c-Myc-retroviruses.
& x/ ~9 E" s+ G* U6 R关键步骤, z6 m4 q5 A; X. a7 z/ w
Retroviruses should be used freshly.不要冷冻,否则您将不会获得ips细胞。Retrovirus滴度对于ips细胞产生相当重要,The freeze/thaw step 降低病毒滴度# E; C& ]4 k# q
4 H# x* w w" C(4) 从fibroblast dish中吸出medium,加入10 ml of the polybrene/virus-containing medium。37 °, 5% CO2孵育4h或者过夜2 s/ f: M& A: p+ R( v4 C" [ f) [7 o
+ h4 ]# G, `( c: s5 TDay 5 and 6 TIMING 5 min each day
/ z' h% s5 g2 d24或者48h之后,从fibroblast dish中吸出 medium,加入10ml新鲜PBS
" h/ x! r! f' j4 A6 \. _- Q3 oDay 7 TIMING 5 min
, n1 X& z& q4 b! \8 z& A弃培养基,加入10 ml ES medium,For Fbx15βgeo/βgeo selection, the medium should be supplemented with 0.3 mg ml–1 of G418
3 V4 |/ K4 n, fDay 8–10 TIMING 5 min each day$ u! X% q7 \5 u2 L- z. ]. O( j% f
每天更换培养基(分别在24,48,72h后)
* u5 u: v8 Y/ t1 p3 |$ XDay 11 TIMING 5 min
) F4 E/ r# j! e2 |/ P For NanogGFP-IRES-Puro selection, add puromycin to the medium at the final concentration of 1.5 mg ml–1" P+ ~* r6 K, F, @, g, I
Day 12 TIMING 约5 min each day
, s9 p G1 a; j' q) G- [; y每天换液,直至colony becomes big enough to be picked up. Colonies should first become visible approximately 病毒转染1周后. They should become large enough to be picked up around day 20(TROUBLESHOOTING 1)* |8 S& X; ]7 T4 m* c0 B0 h
Counting the colonies: 结晶紫染色 TIMING 1 d+ L% y) z, Y' t/ p
(1) colonies收集后,完全吸出PBS,加入5ml甲醇固定剩余细胞,室温下孵育1min
3 t( L% r3 ^8 ~2 _% f3 _(2) Wash the dishes twice with water.
; N/ R0 H; m- D(3) 加 5 ml 0.1% 结晶紫溶液到皿中,室温下孵育5min% \( }2 D' c0 N# k
(4) Wash the dishes with water
: N. z/ C! y% {8 b, K, v(5) Photograph the dishes and count the number of colonies.' v" c) [1 y% ?8 J0 a; D
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Expansion of iPS cells TIMING 1 h' R7 U9 O7 t; s/ J) N4 |
(1) 弃培养基,用1ml PBS清洗细胞
- N h- g1 v0 O) e+ Q(2) 彻底remove PBS,加 0.1 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min
6 a/ G6 q1 E2 d(3) 加0.4 ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层& k/ Y! x6 p+ S; v; d- b
(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至 a well of 6-well plate,加1.5 ml ES medium,37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至达到80–90%汇合in 6-well plates。At this point, prepare frozen stock of the cells, as follows(TROUBLESHOOTING 2)
/ n- C7 k3 e4 M5 l x4 ~9 L( WPreparation of freeze stock TIMING 1 h
9 h$ }5 L2 H* S0 s8 S(1) 弃培养基,用2ml PBS清洗
5 Y! t9 h, R5 @(2) 彻底remove PBS,加入0.3 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min# S6 x$ x- ]8 S% G1 Q2 e
(3) 加2ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层9 `- ~: Y% o/ t. |$ p% c
(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至15ml tube,细胞计数,160g离心5min( t! D$ v( b2 J! Q; H
(5) 弃上清,用ES重新悬浮细胞至2×106 cells per ml
' A5 c. G6 w8 |# ](6) Prepare 2×freezing medium (20% DMSO in ES medium) and 小份分装(每小瓶0.5 ml)4 U1 m* w7 b1 M- Z2 v
(7) 加0.5ml细胞悬浮液到freeze vials(冻存小瓶)中,轻轻混匀1 `2 E% y( i) H; M" I
(8) Put the vials in a cell-freezing container and keep it at –80 °overnight (TROUBLESHOOTING 3)
/ F4 S2 d7 g: @ e- n! CPAUSE POINT
7 P- u1 l. j7 }# E4 bFor long-term storage, keep frozen cells in the gas phase of a liquid nitrogen tank.
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