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本帖最后由 细胞海洋 于 2014-10-24 09:51 编辑 ' T! p: o2 t# L
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在此省略实验试剂和仪器设备步骤
$ b2 o# k( w. ^0 R1 H) k( P成纤维细胞的制备
& I" u! H9 j3 Q: k8 e/ i1. 从鼠胚胎(A,MEF)或者鼠尾尖(B,TTF)获得成纤维细胞。一般情况下,胚胎成纤维细胞能得到更多ips colonies/ w# e$ F3 c% W. G2 V7 Q) f, ~, ?
A 时间:15d
; w$ C0 q8 t1 W; f7 v$ e(1) 通过断颈杀死怀孕13.5d的雌鼠,分离子宫并用PBS作简单清洗。$ x1 c/ L: r5 J, N6 W
(2) 用镊子将胚胎从胎盘和周围被膜组织中分离开来,将胚胎的头部,内脏组织和生殖腺去除
8 |) c+ {5 @6 l(3) 将胚胎移至装有fresh PBS的100-mm dish中清洗,用剪刀将剩余体躯剪碎,移至装有0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo)的50-ml conical tube,37°孵育20min
9 \' Z1 \3 c6 A( `) z% y4 V(4) 另加0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo),37°孵育20min
2 W* u# n. [5 e3 {3 ]8 b(5) 加等量的FP medium (6 ml per embryo),反复吹打使组织充分分开5 M$ L+ H; c, S, `7 ?; y, A
(6) Keep the tissue/medium mixture still for 5 min at room temperature (20–25 °) 以去除杂质,将上清移至另一新的50-ml conical tube。200g离心5min,弃上清,使沉淀重新悬浮于新的介质中。
& ]2 G& d/ o1 x; K(7) 细胞计数,在FP medium中调整为1 ×106 cells per ml。通常,一个胚胎能获得约1×107个细胞。将细胞悬浮液移至 100-mm 组织培养皿 (1 ×107 cells per dish), 37 °5% CO2 下孵育 24 h (passage 1)( Y# L9 g; L& A/ t1 G" w
(8) 第二天,用PBS清洗以移除漂浮的细胞。0 e" R- T1 ?, Y
(9) 当细胞充分汇合时,去掉FP培养基,用PBS清洗一次,用1 ml of 0.05% trypsin and
( ?3 \# g; X4 P0.53 mM EDTA 消化 5 min。脱落之后,加9 ml of FP medium并吹打使之悬浮。移至新的100-ml皿并作1:4的稀释(passage 2)。三代以内的MEFs作为ips的细胞来源,避免衰老。
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) V5 |8 C6 C" D9 y- h. J- k尾尖(B)时间:10d. }& G; _& T; o) \; ]; K8 O
在此略
) c2 U2 ^" o5 w解冻 SNL cells TIMING 0.5 h
7 o* F) I, {) g7 P* V) z4 a(1) 准备9ml的SNL medium于15ml的tube中 P6 h! @" @2 q. ?& q1 X. r
(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻SNL cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞)( ~; Q5 L" _, K+ w0 b3 w/ {
(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1)
' o2 M# P* p7 h(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清
. |, Y$ P# K% {3 `1 B3 e# N3 x/ H- t(5) 用10 ml of SNL medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm皿。37°,5% CO2: j. Y" Z9 \+ n/ i$ K- \6 }
孵育,直到达到80–90%汇合
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CRITICAL STEP 不要让细胞过度汇合,否则会影响它们作为feeder的效果。* z) x) B e) ^1 H
& E g4 V3 s# q4 e% JSNL cells的传代 time:0.5h; y8 k0 z- l" H
(1) 弃培养液,用PBS清洗细胞一次
! d+ c: s: n4 O! t(2) 吸出PBS,加入0.5 ml per dish of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min- l0 _4 L% A4 ^+ P+ {
(3) 加4.5 ml 的 SNL medium,吹打数次使细胞成为单层细胞
, v+ _( F7 f, e" R(4) 通过加入SNL medium调整细胞悬浮液为160ml,移至gelatin-coated dishes (10 ml per 10-cm dish)。This splits the cells 1:16。37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至细胞80–90%汇合。This should happen 3–4 d after passage1 x5 R$ q/ q6 W) [; x; ?
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Mitomycin C-inactivation of SNL cells TIMING 3 h+ O/ ?7 Y6 L! P
(1) 直接加0.3ml 0.4 mg ml–1 mitomycin C solution 到the culture medium of SNL dish,swirl it briefly(短暂地),37 °, 5% CO2孵育2.25 h。The final concentration of mitomycin C will be 12 微g ml–18 V0 G9 F* g* R/ u
(2) 孵育后,吸出所有的mitomycin C-containing medium,用10ml的PBS清洗细胞两次。+ Y0 ^9 T( T5 \9 `- B1 s
(3) 吸出PBS,加0.5 ml of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,摇晃使cover the entire surface,然后室温下静置1min3 m6 @* v& }6 w: H* T. Q( D
(4) 加5ml SNL medium中和trypsin,反复吹打使细胞成为单层。Pool the cell suspension into a 50-ml tube ,细胞计数。Seed the cells on gelatin-coated dishes (1 × 106 cells per 100-mm tissue culture dish, or 1.5 ×105 cells per well of 6-well plate)
& k/ g w; e" }( f; b(5) 细胞之间不应该有太大间隙。They should become ready for usage by the next day.$ b7 p2 Q9 H1 X/ q; ~8 a' D
PAUSE POINT( K* x# W% c3 ?& s( q! c H$ ?
The mitomycin C-treated SNL dishes 在用之前 can be left for 最多一周
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解冻 Plat-E cells TIMING 0.5 h(与解冻 SNL cells操作基本一样)
: o' t7 l) E s) P- H( G(1) 准备9ml的FP medium于15ml的tube中3 z! g' M. {3 `1 A
(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻Plat-E cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞)
% P1 o5 v. G+ R# q. W(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1)
p9 s0 e0 R5 g(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清
0 ?; K, F2 q# b4 h' @* { K! w(5) 用10 ml of FP medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm 皿。37°5% CO2孵育
. [( N. _6 r1 f/ T: y/ g: ~* D. R(6) 第二天,用新的培养基(添加了1 微g ml–1的puromycin和10 微g ml–1 的blastcidin S)替换原来的培养基。继续37 °, 5% CO2 孵育直至它们 80–90% 汇合/ z% ^* g6 O0 W) f! ?; g. ?3 K
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Plat-E cells传代 TIMING 0.5h* N- Z( C5 k3 z
(1) 吸出PBS,加入4 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min。轻拍,使细胞从培养皿上分离下来,用10 ml FP medium使细胞重新悬浮,转移至15ml tube中。180g离心5min,吸出上清/ H0 W& W4 C/ O& C" D0 J3 n& b5 b
(2) 加入适当体积的FP medium,反复吹打,使细胞成为单层,Seed them to new 100-ml dishes at 1:4–1:6 dilution。细胞应该在2-3天内汇合
! Y3 q8 g* N, L4 nDay 1: retrovirus production; Plat-E preparation TIMING 1 h
7 e+ }/ a4 x+ _/ y(1) 用PBS清洗细胞,加入4 ml 的0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min0 ]8 k3 W: c2 V$ W8 i8 H
(2) 之后,加 10 ml FP medium 到 the Plat-E dish,轻轻吹打使细胞悬浮,将细胞悬浮液移至50ml tube。FP culture medium used in this period contains neither puromycin nor blasticidin S
) f" v+ ~! X6 i( H2 U' H(3) 180g离心5min# _2 A: E, y/ l5 j
(4) 弃上清,用手指轻拍以打散沉淀细胞,用适量的FP medium 使细胞重新悬浮2 H/ M4 H# ?" Y/ F) a: ]% C
(5) 细胞计数,用FP medium将细胞浓度调整为8 ×105 cells per ml
! U4 f c/ S; {! z5 W% ~& z* r. V(6) Seed cells at 8 ×106 cells (10 ml) per 100-mm culture dish, and 孵育过夜at 37 °, 5% CO28 j; k; h+ p& ~& C! Z, H) ^8 h
Day 2: retrovirus production; transfection into Plat-E cells TIMING 1 h
9 `+ B# L! w: w+ A' j: u. W(1) 移 0.3 ml DMEM into a 1.5-ml tube
3 `3 Y: r4 y8 q" d: p(2) 在(1)中的tube 中加入27微升的Fugene 6 transfection reagent,用手指轻拍混匀,室温下孵育5min0 r; M/ ~$ i" q8 t! B
(3) 加入9 微克 of pMXs plasmid DNA (encoding Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc)到Fugene 6/DMEM-containing tube(drop-by-drop),用手指轻拍混匀,孵育15min
8 T6 M$ M* a; a(4) 逐滴将DNA/Fugene 6 complex 加到 Plat-E dish中,37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜
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, ^9 Z% ^7 H* e/ k关键步骤& ~/ y! h$ U) J; L6 m- P6 G
Also transfect with a suitable control;we use pMXs retroviral vector GFP to monitor transfection efficiency。We routinely obtain efficiency >80%. High-efficient transfection is crucial for iPS cell induction }7 v8 G2 g6 ]! C& n# U! D9 ?
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Day 3: retrovirus production (continued) TIMING 0.5 h4 ~. Z% G8 `( W) Z; B" G5 R
吸出transfection reagent–containing medium,加入10ml新的FP培养基,return the cells to the incubator) l3 y7 S1 N& T+ L
Preparation of fibroblasts TIMING 1 h
* N: \5 ?6 I" H% F% ^(1) 培养MEF或TTF(passage< 3)至约90%汇合in 10-cm dishes(约2×106 cells per dish)7 R1 w. ^; D/ `. m& T1 u) X, _6 g, i
(2) 吸出培养基,用10ml的PBS清洗
d1 V; U5 ?/ t! C) q8 \( o(3) 弃PBS,加1 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,37°孵育10min
: d. N7 a. c6 k* J, P8 U(4) 加9ml培养基,使细胞悬浮且为单层,移至50ml tube中% B3 M# X8 x1 @+ g' }
(5) 细胞计数,调整细胞浓度为8×104 cells per ml。移10ml细胞悬浮液至有mitomycin C-inactivated SNL cells的100-mm dish (use puromycin-resistant feeder cells for NanogGFP-IRES-Puro)。37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜。 Q# y" R4 A* p" Q! ?2 e! ^/ L
Day 4: retroviral infection TIMING 0.5 h# f. f5 M' B; ~
(1) 用灭过的10-ml一次性注射器收集 medium from the Plat-E dish,通过 0.45-mm孔径大小的醋酸纤维素过滤器过滤,后移至15ml tube 。
% a6 r4 w$ c: I( ^) T(2) 加5 微升的 8 mg ml–1 polybrene solution 到 the 10-ml filtrated virus-containing medium,轻轻的反复吹打使之混匀,The final concentration of polybrene will be 4微g ml–1
1 A6 h9 i1 {( P7 w(3) Make a mixture of equal parts of the medium containing Oct-3/4-, Sox2-, Klf4- and c-Myc-retroviruses.6 H3 L4 U5 A( _' @9 {! ?
关键步骤
7 s/ \" k5 {. y: K" O' oRetroviruses should be used freshly.不要冷冻,否则您将不会获得ips细胞。Retrovirus滴度对于ips细胞产生相当重要,The freeze/thaw step 降低病毒滴度& g: k8 j, c0 r. i- u+ P
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(4) 从fibroblast dish中吸出medium,加入10 ml of the polybrene/virus-containing medium。37 °, 5% CO2孵育4h或者过夜7 m* p5 ~' d5 Z
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Day 5 and 6 TIMING 5 min each day
; }& F* P1 O [24或者48h之后,从fibroblast dish中吸出 medium,加入10ml新鲜PBS+ W o R- k+ x: ~
Day 7 TIMING 5 min& b) s5 A8 K+ O7 `5 _
弃培养基,加入10 ml ES medium,For Fbx15βgeo/βgeo selection, the medium should be supplemented with 0.3 mg ml–1 of G418
& T% u4 e( A5 B2 h4 X* U" A6 l8 ~Day 8–10 TIMING 5 min each day
; l0 `9 ~. @/ a6 g R每天更换培养基(分别在24,48,72h后)! H/ `2 t, r J! R3 Z: b
Day 11 TIMING 5 min
: o5 \& @8 {' k( X7 B6 h+ R( m9 s For NanogGFP-IRES-Puro selection, add puromycin to the medium at the final concentration of 1.5 mg ml–1
/ x5 a- ^" Z0 B- W- u' YDay 12 TIMING 约5 min each day
8 B" |+ A1 _5 K* a每天换液,直至colony becomes big enough to be picked up. Colonies should first become visible approximately 病毒转染1周后. They should become large enough to be picked up around day 20(TROUBLESHOOTING 1)
: l, m9 ^$ {" hCounting the colonies: 结晶紫染色 TIMING 1 d. x( c: s& ~3 o! N: Q, M
(1) colonies收集后,完全吸出PBS,加入5ml甲醇固定剩余细胞,室温下孵育1min! D1 \5 m: p Z. y- O
(2) Wash the dishes twice with water.( x7 P* c, a( ~4 j8 V( X
(3) 加 5 ml 0.1% 结晶紫溶液到皿中,室温下孵育5min0 A' _: j$ B1 s7 `) {3 ^
(4) Wash the dishes with water
" p: {5 p6 Y9 J m$ Z! a(5) Photograph the dishes and count the number of colonies.8 c% V) R, H4 K2 N0 O- v
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Expansion of iPS cells TIMING 1 h; h+ [1 h9 M$ Y- W- M' y% A& Y
(1) 弃培养基,用1ml PBS清洗细胞
7 Y0 | r3 o2 L8 b* d& ?0 V(2) 彻底remove PBS,加 0.1 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min
/ v6 `* t( y# q" Y# H6 k(3) 加0.4 ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层+ |: l9 G' u+ Y* c7 ~% u6 l
(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至 a well of 6-well plate,加1.5 ml ES medium,37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至达到80–90%汇合in 6-well plates。At this point, prepare frozen stock of the cells, as follows(TROUBLESHOOTING 2)9 j) o. T6 ^4 i. W. o
Preparation of freeze stock TIMING 1 h
# Z0 q2 ]4 R; a( D, z& o, {# u(1) 弃培养基,用2ml PBS清洗1 Z$ w% d1 e/ J2 k, _3 X
(2) 彻底remove PBS,加入0.3 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min/ R' D# V+ c; `0 m
(3) 加2ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层
; k) |/ C( }7 u7 x+ G8 ^(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至15ml tube,细胞计数,160g离心5min
; U" Y& q% Q3 \4 r(5) 弃上清,用ES重新悬浮细胞至2×106 cells per ml
6 b5 e1 N" W1 ~: M(6) Prepare 2×freezing medium (20% DMSO in ES medium) and 小份分装(每小瓶0.5 ml), E6 h0 ~+ A5 e6 C/ k C' L! R
(7) 加0.5ml细胞悬浮液到freeze vials(冻存小瓶)中,轻轻混匀' S' [2 x$ f5 `2 H. W: q/ a
(8) Put the vials in a cell-freezing container and keep it at –80 °overnight (TROUBLESHOOTING 3)
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( F$ U9 J) S3 b7 RFor long-term storage, keep frozen cells in the gas phase of a liquid nitrogen tank.% e5 Q) U2 H* R" h0 m B; ]
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