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本帖最后由 细胞海洋 于 2014-10-24 09:51 编辑 & Z; i, z! B$ b. A6 v8 S; s
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在此省略实验试剂和仪器设备步骤
& ]' \2 T+ f& X& m& z/ F成纤维细胞的制备
" z. {$ }. R, l1. 从鼠胚胎(A,MEF)或者鼠尾尖(B,TTF)获得成纤维细胞。一般情况下,胚胎成纤维细胞能得到更多ips colonies* ~# _" l9 Q w$ a% ]
A 时间:15d
3 Z& ^) L% `) O(1) 通过断颈杀死怀孕13.5d的雌鼠,分离子宫并用PBS作简单清洗。- M L: ?. y- S H. D7 t! m8 ~
(2) 用镊子将胚胎从胎盘和周围被膜组织中分离开来,将胚胎的头部,内脏组织和生殖腺去除7 m$ W1 ]. u! n" O2 n
(3) 将胚胎移至装有fresh PBS的100-mm dish中清洗,用剪刀将剩余体躯剪碎,移至装有0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo)的50-ml conical tube,37°孵育20min 3 Z9 h" `, w! i6 X! y/ G
(4) 另加0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo),37°孵育20min
' l, S t6 X5 Q(5) 加等量的FP medium (6 ml per embryo),反复吹打使组织充分分开
1 V s5 \6 ^0 M3 [) ~(6) Keep the tissue/medium mixture still for 5 min at room temperature (20–25 °) 以去除杂质,将上清移至另一新的50-ml conical tube。200g离心5min,弃上清,使沉淀重新悬浮于新的介质中。
% {! s2 ~* Z( j(7) 细胞计数,在FP medium中调整为1 ×106 cells per ml。通常,一个胚胎能获得约1×107个细胞。将细胞悬浮液移至 100-mm 组织培养皿 (1 ×107 cells per dish), 37 °5% CO2 下孵育 24 h (passage 1). e u/ g5 v" H' ?4 [3 |( z2 j+ v
(8) 第二天,用PBS清洗以移除漂浮的细胞。
* I! P9 }# @& P' v& v2 f(9) 当细胞充分汇合时,去掉FP培养基,用PBS清洗一次,用1 ml of 0.05% trypsin and
; `# A) w' p6 w" |& [; s# _0.53 mM EDTA 消化 5 min。脱落之后,加9 ml of FP medium并吹打使之悬浮。移至新的100-ml皿并作1:4的稀释(passage 2)。三代以内的MEFs作为ips的细胞来源,避免衰老。- T& K5 v0 @6 k8 ]
6 u) e2 N8 d/ S' Z6 ~9 I尾尖(B)时间:10d! n6 n1 y6 A# f
在此略, C( a- }" F; j- J, Q8 W
解冻 SNL cells TIMING 0.5 h
9 ~, q; s$ k3 W+ o; N* l(1) 准备9ml的SNL medium于15ml的tube中
. r1 g- M" E+ p9 |% K [% N(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻SNL cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞)
+ p: A9 v: }$ ]' \( o(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1)* }7 C/ T. a/ ^
(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清
% q2 z6 v5 A) y) o% U) b(5) 用10 ml of SNL medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm皿。37°,5% CO2; W/ U! M: T) ^- {
孵育,直到达到80–90%汇合
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CRITICAL STEP 不要让细胞过度汇合,否则会影响它们作为feeder的效果。: C1 K3 G. m3 t4 ^# f6 j
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SNL cells的传代 time:0.5h& s4 ], u# f( _0 @( d2 W( c, N7 B
(1) 弃培养液,用PBS清洗细胞一次
. c' j( y; l7 m4 B |- q(2) 吸出PBS,加入0.5 ml per dish of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min
* X i7 T5 D, l(3) 加4.5 ml 的 SNL medium,吹打数次使细胞成为单层细胞
" a4 t0 r1 g, I9 m% n(4) 通过加入SNL medium调整细胞悬浮液为160ml,移至gelatin-coated dishes (10 ml per 10-cm dish)。This splits the cells 1:16。37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至细胞80–90%汇合。This should happen 3–4 d after passage
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Mitomycin C-inactivation of SNL cells TIMING 3 h! s' T6 o# f/ {* E
(1) 直接加0.3ml 0.4 mg ml–1 mitomycin C solution 到the culture medium of SNL dish,swirl it briefly(短暂地),37 °, 5% CO2孵育2.25 h。The final concentration of mitomycin C will be 12 微g ml–1
; D# Z. z7 v% T; c$ h(2) 孵育后,吸出所有的mitomycin C-containing medium,用10ml的PBS清洗细胞两次。
& V, L" l/ ?3 j3 Q9 O(3) 吸出PBS,加0.5 ml of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,摇晃使cover the entire surface,然后室温下静置1min
- j0 [& [9 Q K5 p$ J(4) 加5ml SNL medium中和trypsin,反复吹打使细胞成为单层。Pool the cell suspension into a 50-ml tube ,细胞计数。Seed the cells on gelatin-coated dishes (1 × 106 cells per 100-mm tissue culture dish, or 1.5 ×105 cells per well of 6-well plate)
4 ~$ x6 V5 n4 b5 M! A* U% n( h(5) 细胞之间不应该有太大间隙。They should become ready for usage by the next day.3 F5 E a* d/ r4 O% A- R
PAUSE POINT
8 `" h: j( W6 i. SThe mitomycin C-treated SNL dishes 在用之前 can be left for 最多一周8 S/ D8 J- e2 ?, L) i6 i5 M+ r( E* `; T
$ g8 B* J% O; z* S, m; U( }解冻 Plat-E cells TIMING 0.5 h(与解冻 SNL cells操作基本一样)) X$ z5 {1 y/ y" t
(1) 准备9ml的FP medium于15ml的tube中
5 L( F! I! s: r1 ^, ]$ C5 O(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻Plat-E cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞): r) d0 y& s9 ~, K/ w j
(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1). r T! U p$ N( N1 J
(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清
`! @: G; X# B(5) 用10 ml of FP medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm 皿。37°5% CO2孵育
+ J6 n4 f; i; n* h+ L1 J0 j/ X% C p(6) 第二天,用新的培养基(添加了1 微g ml–1的puromycin和10 微g ml–1 的blastcidin S)替换原来的培养基。继续37 °, 5% CO2 孵育直至它们 80–90% 汇合
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2 w5 g: @8 t1 U7 }; SPlat-E cells传代 TIMING 0.5h" @8 u$ f+ P& Q3 g5 o' p9 ^
(1) 吸出PBS,加入4 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min。轻拍,使细胞从培养皿上分离下来,用10 ml FP medium使细胞重新悬浮,转移至15ml tube中。180g离心5min,吸出上清; \. G8 K' Z% j5 r* x! s
(2) 加入适当体积的FP medium,反复吹打,使细胞成为单层,Seed them to new 100-ml dishes at 1:4–1:6 dilution。细胞应该在2-3天内汇合
% V3 z( y' H+ {( V7 y2 K0 oDay 1: retrovirus production; Plat-E preparation TIMING 1 h
. t% h" a$ j, P, L& Q(1) 用PBS清洗细胞,加入4 ml 的0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min
) c5 _, g+ P) s6 z) P8 F(2) 之后,加 10 ml FP medium 到 the Plat-E dish,轻轻吹打使细胞悬浮,将细胞悬浮液移至50ml tube。FP culture medium used in this period contains neither puromycin nor blasticidin S9 y( D, o* |, h E% n: q) r h
(3) 180g离心5min! a5 T0 n1 D% R
(4) 弃上清,用手指轻拍以打散沉淀细胞,用适量的FP medium 使细胞重新悬浮
% p, `8 B0 r2 r1 j8 v(5) 细胞计数,用FP medium将细胞浓度调整为8 ×105 cells per ml
' s' C5 Y7 X) ](6) Seed cells at 8 ×106 cells (10 ml) per 100-mm culture dish, and 孵育过夜at 37 °, 5% CO2. v! o) \: ?7 ~/ z3 p$ o
Day 2: retrovirus production; transfection into Plat-E cells TIMING 1 h
0 N1 q4 Q! ^/ ?, |* g(1) 移 0.3 ml DMEM into a 1.5-ml tube* }+ M3 ]- J# d( Z b6 A/ M, c/ D
(2) 在(1)中的tube 中加入27微升的Fugene 6 transfection reagent,用手指轻拍混匀,室温下孵育5min$ R* U; A: g& H3 t
(3) 加入9 微克 of pMXs plasmid DNA (encoding Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc)到Fugene 6/DMEM-containing tube(drop-by-drop),用手指轻拍混匀,孵育15min
% \! y! A$ E& @1 m# v(4) 逐滴将DNA/Fugene 6 complex 加到 Plat-E dish中,37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜6 }9 J* ?2 b5 {1 H Z1 ^; K
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关键步骤
2 y" S( ?0 v* J. a. ?" ^0 ^. uAlso transfect with a suitable control;we use pMXs retroviral vector GFP to monitor transfection efficiency。We routinely obtain efficiency >80%. High-efficient transfection is crucial for iPS cell induction3 a) I- E, q0 u8 W; C, D6 l
+ n0 c5 r* C' T' t1 p+ FDay 3: retrovirus production (continued) TIMING 0.5 h
- U5 C" y' }4 m! C0 u吸出transfection reagent–containing medium,加入10ml新的FP培养基,return the cells to the incubator
8 I4 R3 d" O: l- Q8 }* VPreparation of fibroblasts TIMING 1 h) `2 ]5 j- ?7 o% f% n( v% x, @
(1) 培养MEF或TTF(passage< 3)至约90%汇合in 10-cm dishes(约2×106 cells per dish)2 |2 ?" Z) U/ c7 i
(2) 吸出培养基,用10ml的PBS清洗
4 Q4 P; Y" K% F' G1 Z x: q(3) 弃PBS,加1 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,37°孵育10min+ y( W, ~* ^, ]& n( ?4 V3 x
(4) 加9ml培养基,使细胞悬浮且为单层,移至50ml tube中. s3 a9 Y F: f+ Y% c0 o; O& V
(5) 细胞计数,调整细胞浓度为8×104 cells per ml。移10ml细胞悬浮液至有mitomycin C-inactivated SNL cells的100-mm dish (use puromycin-resistant feeder cells for NanogGFP-IRES-Puro)。37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜。; w+ K: p/ A/ U B) `" f$ W& M
Day 4: retroviral infection TIMING 0.5 h- Y& j# o+ x$ K1 O
(1) 用灭过的10-ml一次性注射器收集 medium from the Plat-E dish,通过 0.45-mm孔径大小的醋酸纤维素过滤器过滤,后移至15ml tube 。
) f- j$ L4 q# O% c5 Y, I* x(2) 加5 微升的 8 mg ml–1 polybrene solution 到 the 10-ml filtrated virus-containing medium,轻轻的反复吹打使之混匀,The final concentration of polybrene will be 4微g ml–1
/ y) c& ]4 u- I8 q4 J" p0 M(3) Make a mixture of equal parts of the medium containing Oct-3/4-, Sox2-, Klf4- and c-Myc-retroviruses.
8 f% s5 c2 x8 w0 U2 F关键步骤) v- f6 B5 |- x4 V1 `& g* |
Retroviruses should be used freshly.不要冷冻,否则您将不会获得ips细胞。Retrovirus滴度对于ips细胞产生相当重要,The freeze/thaw step 降低病毒滴度
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(4) 从fibroblast dish中吸出medium,加入10 ml of the polybrene/virus-containing medium。37 °, 5% CO2孵育4h或者过夜
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Day 5 and 6 TIMING 5 min each day6 ^1 ], J4 R3 Y
24或者48h之后,从fibroblast dish中吸出 medium,加入10ml新鲜PBS, o5 M; J) x% `1 t# u3 L5 n
Day 7 TIMING 5 min7 b4 b J3 N0 b4 k/ m. Z Q5 |4 k
弃培养基,加入10 ml ES medium,For Fbx15βgeo/βgeo selection, the medium should be supplemented with 0.3 mg ml–1 of G418
2 _' r. s* d* e! TDay 8–10 TIMING 5 min each day
2 D4 K5 H9 x# m% ]每天更换培养基(分别在24,48,72h后)
; s! H( [ M$ `; J0 E/ D0 E6 wDay 11 TIMING 5 min
0 V" u+ m% r4 g' U6 s For NanogGFP-IRES-Puro selection, add puromycin to the medium at the final concentration of 1.5 mg ml–1
4 g5 o/ v. Z1 F1 o1 cDay 12 TIMING 约5 min each day7 P! f/ i: F X
每天换液,直至colony becomes big enough to be picked up. Colonies should first become visible approximately 病毒转染1周后. They should become large enough to be picked up around day 20(TROUBLESHOOTING 1)$ z2 r) p! Z& o: x* M
Counting the colonies: 结晶紫染色 TIMING 1 d
5 k! Y4 g$ H8 r- k P(1) colonies收集后,完全吸出PBS,加入5ml甲醇固定剩余细胞,室温下孵育1min9 z( j' h* Q: B) R6 s: i1 k
(2) Wash the dishes twice with water.
! j: u( K( ^ ^) e2 ^* \(3) 加 5 ml 0.1% 结晶紫溶液到皿中,室温下孵育5min @" C. @: ?& J. V. u0 h* H
(4) Wash the dishes with water
/ H: D) h; _. ^, A/ k% @ U(5) Photograph the dishes and count the number of colonies.2 m" z2 E4 M4 ]; B+ f/ ?+ F& J! A
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Expansion of iPS cells TIMING 1 h! t, K7 I& ]' ^: J
(1) 弃培养基,用1ml PBS清洗细胞
. i1 F9 l3 d7 m8 H. x# ~( O(2) 彻底remove PBS,加 0.1 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min
5 ]' Z+ X$ m0 l(3) 加0.4 ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层
- T( |" [: u, C. J) M(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至 a well of 6-well plate,加1.5 ml ES medium,37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至达到80–90%汇合in 6-well plates。At this point, prepare frozen stock of the cells, as follows(TROUBLESHOOTING 2)7 R2 ] M3 @" A4 q0 a
Preparation of freeze stock TIMING 1 h
% a2 B( p. t1 c: ?6 a) ~( U(1) 弃培养基,用2ml PBS清洗, u% V0 {" q7 O3 G
(2) 彻底remove PBS,加入0.3 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min; Z0 Z8 x5 y! I# u
(3) 加2ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层& K# S4 Y; m- Y
(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至15ml tube,细胞计数,160g离心5min; L, e3 b5 \3 m M8 i
(5) 弃上清,用ES重新悬浮细胞至2×106 cells per ml1 D) ]: J0 K% m% [- ^$ n' z/ [
(6) Prepare 2×freezing medium (20% DMSO in ES medium) and 小份分装(每小瓶0.5 ml)
- y( g+ Q" A: w(7) 加0.5ml细胞悬浮液到freeze vials(冻存小瓶)中,轻轻混匀
/ D. J# W/ W+ E5 U% a9 I( o8 Y(8) Put the vials in a cell-freezing container and keep it at –80 °overnight (TROUBLESHOOTING 3)/ b+ P1 |- }. X7 n8 _
PAUSE POINT3 A& c. ^* u( r, d. ~( O* ~ }5 [
For long-term storage, keep frozen cells in the gas phase of a liquid nitrogen tank.
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