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[干细胞与细胞生物学类] 再来一本病毒学经典--Virology:principles and applications--John B. Carter   [复制链接]

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$ B+ g  {4 h( |* Q [hide][/hide]
$ a3 n$ ?; r6 r+ P! rVirology - Principles and Applications
! M' d8 o4 B8 e+ O- bDr John Carter (Liverpool John Moores University, UK), Prof Venetia Saunders (Liverpool John Moores University, UK)3 q& s" O+ o& G" N. r
August 2007, ©2007
- [5 |$ X$ {8 D% _. a" {, nby Dr John Carter, Prof Venetia Saunders7 r, P) [, ?' J+ J6 I
ISBN 978-0-470-02387-77 l$ p* a* z3 G* @
Preface.
4 M5 h: s9 o: p7 \4 T  [3 P) e$ S# }
Abbreviations used in this book.5 E# z+ M* h# ~3 o9 ]

% A% v) G0 ]+ [Greek letters used in this book.# i! M: v# l! l+ R3 |9 ~6 R

, h" s; l% p' _& V9 W/ [Colour coding for molecules.9 d% |* T6 Z1 U9 a0 y( w' ]4 }

9 |$ v; Q: }+ m$ ]1 D( l6 T1 Viruses and their importance.( w# B4 G. Z- W! c7 V4 w; x! A
5 R7 k$ J5 a* |: N) B! ^8 ?
1.1 Viruses are ubiquitous on Earth.
& l2 x, F6 ^! E, ~# q% m& d' y) @% j# \! B- `0 c8 l( O
1.2 Reasons for studying viruses.# b5 E/ y, f6 V. e* A" r

3 Y+ O( q% P& e; H+ I, Q$ y, }2 p1.3 The nature of viruses.
" k0 ~/ y* s7 C9 a
1 K7 W' c$ T, K/ O; ?! ^1 T* |1.4 The remainder of the book.
  @6 z& C  l3 u# Z
4 p8 }. w8 v1 u& L0 V2 Methods used in virology.
! _0 j3 ]; h& Z0 `: [# K
- _7 ~' V) ^/ X" F+ }1 h2.1 Introduction to methods used in virology.
3 s5 T) ]( X2 x7 p1 K- m2 x8 e* f  g8 m) F- T
2.2 Cultivation of viruses.
* ?+ y2 @" k% ~2 ~& l' [' h
$ ?' L0 U/ a* i& g$ k6 |2.3 Isolation of viruses.1 N+ t+ F9 }8 B0 K! M/ B$ e1 p

: |2 v- [! G; k. g  `4 T0 Y7 o2.4 Centrifugation.
6 @. K: V5 s! T& [# g
! l) }$ u' o" G8 E2 G% ~1 ^% q2.5 Structural investigations of cells and virions.5 i$ d+ e1 t. m) g, s$ E
: J; \8 W, a4 {3 Y( m/ M
2.6 Electrophoretic techniques.2 l+ k* U! T+ b* O" n; h( E0 X$ ^! x

  ]) W& U, A3 a( E* Y2.7 Detection of viruses and virus components.5 R& S6 y  H' M  X7 b3 b! _

  ?6 ^+ r/ B' ~6 z2.8 Infectivity assays.
/ f  |. V; _% Y0 T8 k
$ g' k! m* A0 d  n+ [; m8 M# s2.9 Virus genetics.6 V% V, J/ Y3 [1 g3 G1 P

. E4 s) `. G/ `+ W" O% d8 W3 Virus structure.
8 S# a9 N' t# P$ }  D4 |# X
/ L  _0 k: G: m4 J0 Y1 }3.1 Introduction to virus structure.1 M: Q. Z; W% j8 P
0 _' P/ N2 \  Y2 P9 e3 e
3.2 Virus genomes.
; x: \% o: ]+ Y$ E3 U
. i0 K3 q4 ^  i' C& G) F3.3 Virus proteins.
* ]( U* A  F7 |" \
& g' X$ A" I4 R3.4 Capsids.
' r2 N6 a, _3 P! e7 W& {/ F( ]; i/ l0 i7 @
3.5 Virion membranes.. a+ i4 ^' y* b
) V# h, k+ U; x
3.6 Occlusion bodies.
4 r+ [: V, p% D$ @6 @
% s7 b; e9 \# o2 H- d2 E3.7 Other virion components.
3 [# w3 k( O0 v+ h  p
( n+ f8 A, I" G+ y! E! }) W4 Virus transmission.2 T  E& [/ O5 R1 b' e) p; e
1 S5 _5 r8 V1 p7 R( ?' k! L
4.1 Introduction to virus transmission.
4 Z% M% L2 f' G0 a; U! l$ }- ^& _* ^! M' G+ w
4.2 Transmission of plant viruses.7 H8 }; r) \8 x, c

, t9 e& X6 v/ K( _7 R5 N: M* Q; V4.3 Transmission of vertebrate viruses.% a4 _  D6 W) @% B+ z4 y7 k' ?

: X6 p5 ^; P% J+ ?# c% Y4.4 Transmission of invertebrate viruses.
9 r7 u8 m" U$ C
& s2 Q1 S/ g6 w' O% \) F- q& O& N4.5 Permissive cells.
: l3 |# a+ T& ?7 D
2 {6 k" N4 F* S$ E5 Attachment and entry of viruses into cells.
" o. i8 R- @# u8 W. I6 u
& K4 X2 J8 A' @) @5.1 Overview of virus replication.
% {1 H* }4 }. u! G6 K* g
) k0 ?3 i! d% L2 `; c1 S2 P4 Q5.2 Animal viruses.  r1 p& Z  S/ h% }9 P7 `
; P' {$ x3 E1 b" ]2 j. C' O$ B
5.3 Bacteriophages.! M9 V2 F; r1 C, a! ?

) ?8 w" {) E) n( r6 Transcription, translation and transport.( e& Z' f; Q& o+ _, j: O
1 W1 g9 |6 _/ K
6.1 Introduction to transcription, translation and transport.) x$ O& O! M6 W4 s! B3 j3 ?
0 j7 b' w& t5 d; n
6.2 Transcription of virus genomes.# U- e7 u) w( T, m  a& D/ i
2 m. `. K" h' E; A$ B" D3 P
6.3 Transcription in eukaryotes.5 b3 W1 L) r" F+ N! j/ |
. I, M" ^2 M4 E8 w- ]
6.4 Translation in eukaryotes.
) t9 d* a7 a6 c/ `- a6 q0 X, I* h9 t# e* h
6.5 Transport in eukaryotic cells.
, h8 [6 t( z4 ?
8 l( F; r7 T0 w0 I) l6.6 Transcription and translation in bacteria.
% o4 ^9 r) q# m' K% a
4 y5 \- J, W9 ~7 Virus genome replication.
% o% d0 E# e4 v/ u% l, i: {/ W
* ?2 @: A5 T# t& }) K. Z8 n0 S7.1 Overview of virus genome replication.
7 p7 P9 z" u1 T; I5 s5 G) P# X% x# ]  p* i  {0 z0 o
7.2 Locations of virus genome replication in eukaryotic cells.& U. t2 c- ]3 A( V( O! g+ H

" y9 a! R; ], {6 ]( j7.3 Initiation of genome replication.# Y3 v0 b" Z" J# i. G  Y8 L0 x
4 m6 s2 Y! w/ Z( l3 T' Z
7.4 Polymerases.( L: V) Q! I4 t$ ]2 w
% ^+ q) G' Z& n; m2 f( [
7.5 DNA replication.
1 q4 y; ~; Q! Y5 r& i! k3 b2 _7 F4 C7 Y: o2 n
7.6 Double-stranded RNA replication.
) {2 r; _5 {+ ?
* V0 u' v' f4 Q7.7 Single-stranded RNA replication.
! h& f  `+ l, |( U/ k9 P% q3 r- i' J% ?1 e. y$ {  J
7.8 Reverse transcription.0 f8 H  O# j( @) H6 {
( _* s; y( T- W
8 Assembly and exit of virions from cells.! s: G& r! M& f$ B* e- I( ?9 P; M

$ z% u# n6 f5 {8.1 Introduction to assembly and exit of virions from cells.. V4 V1 n# F7 ?. j$ W) y/ [
; D! a( S1 h) Z, q) k# r2 R7 y
8.2 Nucleocapsid assembly.
9 A& f; }# S0 f& n1 ]& k: f' V) q# V. G, M' f
8.3 Formation of virion membranes.
0 D  |1 R- b! \. _" u& p
( Q& u+ x" t2 ]4 i  m" B) I4 W8.4 Virion exit from the infected cell.
4 @$ w' G: M2 A. p' N+ q' U( n3 K, E* I4 t: O: z
9 Outcomes of infection for the host.0 u+ p6 j" L4 r6 ?& m% S( K" g* p
) G+ G& c( S- u+ X! E: ^
9.1 Introduction to outcomes of infection for the host.$ A; z  B+ Q+ D

, R# f$ t% ?5 \. V; K9.2 Factors affecting outcomes of infection.
+ b7 L4 `6 p$ s: P( K9 h1 _8 \, S( [/ S$ z2 s" X
9.3 Non-productive infections.
6 ^' H$ ~" |( v8 p! ~& M8 i
* n4 N/ R7 g2 v) P9.4 Productive infections.! ^/ m* M8 t* R
% }& `" ^; N) y# J9 `" N
10 Classification and nomenclature of viruses.. ]2 ]* Z( D% l" L& i$ _
$ h; l) O4 H+ R" Y7 x' g, S5 U
10.1 History of virus classification and nomenclature.
* M3 J, y9 [# Z( \: {- [# v4 }- J% ~) v5 J% H* _
10.2 Modern virus classification and nomenclature.
8 o; I: X; B0 z% i2 A- M
) i, {5 Z) ^0 r) N10.3 Baltimore classification of viruses." A, _2 w7 {% H" r8 f6 v2 s, @

* I, b- v4 l4 _% k9 `9 q11 Herpesviruses (and other dsDNA viruses).
2 q- x0 X- z, r% E0 U' L# p
+ @2 }& @$ m$ J8 K4 l- |11.1 Introduction to herpesviruses.2 _, \: I5 u5 J5 d/ Q0 i
* J0 t2 f  g! z9 a: p- S
11.2 The human herpesviruses./ r% x; f: o7 Q* w! Z
3 U" N' s& J% j
11.3 The herpesvirus virion.
: ^/ t7 }9 `8 o* ]) Q% Q7 W
# j, E' ]' O1 O0 `) m# z# Q$ R11.4 HSV-1 genome organization., i' O3 H& n8 E* ]" W' B1 g1 k
+ |: D# G& x, {5 Z# m
11.5 HSV-1 replication.
4 _5 n( N8 j- i6 @. _& o1 ~& J1 Q5 I& h3 ?" j3 r
11.6 Latent herpesvirus infection.
( {4 G% R3 S+ n# v/ P* z+ U! R- G1 H+ q, `! C4 V) E8 a, M
11.7 Other dsDNA viruses.
6 J3 o  m. R6 b9 [! l9 U: B$ x4 ^' P. N0 g
12 Parvoviruses (and other ssDNA viruses)., H9 }  p1 M4 ?6 {4 _$ h

1 L+ ~* u' R3 k1 }12.1 Introduction to parvoviruses.6 _* @  c' \" n- ?. @+ l

  s) g+ [0 ~! \! m! Y, ~2 r12.2 Examples of parvoviruses.
+ Q! w& C$ q* K8 y1 G
! l* T/ Y5 P; l* ]8 ?/ I! B8 R12.3 Parvovirus virion.
" @. m' o1 A$ ~" i0 F2 r/ ~$ S3 v: ~% F; i# x' ]
12.4 Parvovirus replication./ u9 S, L) N1 ?. [% K( K3 @0 z8 b

4 y# q* P( P  p4 G. A) S2 @9 x3 \12.5 Other ssDNA viruses.
6 ]1 D- }  F* G) M6 |* w8 w% o
  \: e6 [  E6 B$ g5 ?13 Reoviruses (and other dsRNA viruses).
* i& _- V1 t3 t5 E  k* H2 |% w* p( n6 C' |6 F4 v' [
13.1 Introduction to reoviruses.0 _5 T/ E$ j& ]! a* h' v! I  {

$ K$ \$ K8 D5 M& o# ^8 W13.2 Rotavirus virion.9 O9 i5 }/ N) C* f+ H( E

- t( ?) i% N+ y( l13.3 Rotavirus replication.
; B3 U8 q2 m7 _$ F; ^! T& J% |) @2 [* g- c. X7 S
13.4 Other dsRNA viruses.
5 i1 Q. B: v+ y
2 M4 |9 t/ D5 C( j2 h8 ~14 Picornaviruses (and other plus-strand RNA viruses).
4 g! c+ u) @7 b* Q. @) i# L+ V" l$ ]7 n( ?  Y( `8 s# W
14.1 Introduction to picornaviruses.
9 ]# F! p" U/ w, ]- l: |0 ~' l2 {. _& A* Z8 a
14.2 Some important picornaviruses.! O9 @8 \+ s( i- r8 u: ~9 |
6 p6 B/ D* c) d+ Q; i
14.3 The picornavirus virion.! s8 M2 W5 N. O$ D, c+ H# k0 `

- F. P5 C2 f8 J) K! Q/ M14.4 Picornavirus replication.
# G% N1 n1 {. Q: Y
9 V7 U  f# O" Z5 l14.5 Picornavirus recombination.
/ l' f& J8 V- [1 p7 x! G( W
- A; g" {+ I% k& g8 I14.6 Picornavirus experimental systems* _1 g8 g* k) q( t& b  o

; Y9 a4 v: g  ?: \5 o6 ^14.7 Other plus-strand RNA viruses.+ |7 I( |  }# |6 W4 O& o% N) |  a' T
) J; v4 ~# @( _4 B
15 Rhabdoviruses (and other minus-strand RNA viruses).1 {+ S& f8 a7 R: ?

+ [1 ~9 H7 b7 y1 p6 x15.1 Introduction to rhabdoviruses.
6 x1 q7 X8 M7 K+ }
  a2 ]) r, K5 P7 l  ^: A! r9 ]' S15.2 Some important rhabdoviruses.' |4 N7 |, d0 `* _4 e2 S) p

( w6 }: ~. x. G) b15.3 The rhabdovirus virion and genome organization.; g$ a8 g3 p/ {0 E& o3 ]7 g

+ o& R0 b, I- V! t' w; O15.4 Rhabdovirus replication.
- r/ n4 K7 j, ]* t8 P) ^' e% f, U" w
15.5 Other minus-strand RNA viruses.8 \' I3 w. i. I: R/ s/ Z/ t5 B+ H

' X) @6 ^* P6 Y9 D$ L; E" T15.6 Viruses with ambisense genomes.4 W& p* d* I" u6 Y; P% h

2 J7 J& s- _5 Y1 Z15.7 Reverse genetics.
$ q/ n: w$ \  `+ p: e: c* S3 p5 t/ B% h+ b& A- I* C6 U6 z/ N) \
16 Retroviruses.
# g5 I1 \1 j0 e, Z5 r7 Z, ?7 [
% `1 q' I! x, h0 z16.1 Introduction to retroviruses.
) d+ O# w; r, d, _3 R4 Q7 i7 L2 o$ V. ]: c/ Q& B
16.2 Retrovirus virion.
, ^; r: I1 o# j5 O9 N: @% F) }* s* O- U3 g1 _
16.3 Retrovirus replication.
" g6 t1 l, y" O% j. P8 F) E9 o: s
6 u: i5 M5 l$ C+ _+ m& E/ e! @' a- R. C9 L16.4 Examples of retroviruses.# w3 ^/ ~$ ]4 {9 b2 q3 f9 r
  o) ?8 c( r0 m$ f2 ]$ `
16.5 Retroviruses as gene vectors.) X* x0 W: O; e& W5 y. ~: {0 v7 |
& f6 E6 I' L, |/ I1 J0 j3 ]0 O
16.6 Endogenous retroviruses.
6 k+ ^; g$ M6 A9 ^7 E. D' O
  X+ I% F: o" H3 x; a; c% p; |17 Human immunodeficiency viruses.
- o0 `  f6 m) L- \6 y" A% X- U/ e1 d5 v+ k" {$ }1 b
17.1 Introduction to HIV.
+ B3 v2 F+ L$ }* `5 _4 A: Y$ A+ E9 k4 Y+ j. C- \$ b, C8 d
17.2 HIV virion./ F4 C2 `$ _( _, f, `

0 l+ K$ t) V9 x5 q: s- ^17.3 HIV genome.$ e! f4 C  b3 G' X% p. g8 ?2 A7 R
3 I2 L- b. j. V& {( Y: d, E; Z& K7 F
17.4 HIV-1 replication.
5 C& i$ U% S/ N" ~. p9 r! r4 Q  P
6 R- P' k9 A2 T0 M17.5 HIV-1 variability.
9 v! H: ~9 ?* `. V* Z7 J* P% a" ~' ^1 m* M* H7 L& P
17.6 Progression of HIV infection.: t( t4 G# B  n' A6 g
. Z$ t2 T# X9 f/ f6 @& k+ B9 g0 r& N. T
17.7 Prevention of HIV transmission.
* V$ Y+ v/ f; [+ p" a, ~
4 a) t0 u& z  D+ {% `$ E, m9 {18 Hepadnaviruses (and other reverse-transcribing DNA viruses).$ X2 o+ W. ^5 L+ N
; {( ?8 c% p* F' H
18.1 Introduction to hepadnaviruses.
/ O2 n- j8 d9 \" v. W* D6 H  f* J7 H9 `1 G+ c9 {
18.2 Importance of HBV.0 F* c, O8 Y0 U7 n2 {
$ n7 Z  u, v; o2 M1 [
18.3 HBV virion.: {' P7 h2 I* n- N. l
  {7 _! C$ m, M7 v
18.4 Non-infectious particles.: A/ i1 l2 Y$ ^1 o3 R9 m+ d
8 C( w1 r; W3 P' y5 H
18.5 Soluble virus protein.( W6 w# N3 _  e/ N
2 L7 N. A7 Y! s- F, y' G1 F
18.6 HBV genome.
4 S+ @2 Q+ N8 F  _' y
6 e; W2 h, H4 i- U' B/ M4 `18.7 HBV genetic groups.
* ~" v# l) N  N2 A6 C; ~5 b& a  E1 `0 G9 \$ L# W- e
18.8 HBV replication cycle.5 y2 D) B# {$ E1 f

: q( W2 z! C2 E; q& G. v3 p18.9 Prevention and treatment of HBV infection.
! P7 `6 r* g; M7 q6 n
% n- @5 k; T0 H+ b4 M: t. ?" ~3 `18.10 Other reverse-transcribing DNA viruses.1 K# x' B2 H1 m8 \7 G- U. x

- B6 i& Q8 a' r& T) V' i19 Bacterial viruses.
! `- l9 a  {% z* h+ M7 V/ B. b# A7 l0 `. e! I
19.1 Introduction to bacterial viruses (bacteriophages.
1 g; K/ j  y- g$ W' u( q7 k1 b! L% ~. H# P% @0 P" J- f
RNA PHAGES.5 e# K# w) p6 ?8 o+ l1 R
  H- l) y" _7 P; v
19.2 Single-stranded RNA phages.
3 {# z2 y- `! O8 \( f% I6 G7 z" r
19.3 Double-stranded RNA phages.  I  _$ s* D# E* e  n; {% |
! s3 J2 H" I8 ]7 G% X! i
DNA PHAGES.
4 h6 U  K$ Z2 E7 _* z
3 c. g# z0 d0 k+ |19.4 Single-stranded DNA phages.( ?7 A- b( Z" {% a3 h

$ d% X7 x; i/ m+ ?+ |7 r19.5 Double-stranded DNA phages.1 k6 @0 I* Z0 w  i& W" A3 A+ w

# E1 U+ e) U0 H- H! l7 P20 Origins and evolution of viruses.
7 @* o6 V  S3 n+ a! x! l: E" Y. {5 l
$ F4 ^' t7 M/ b( @21.1 Introduction to origins and evolution of viruses./ j2 C& K6 K& f; E2 n5 }- g4 R' E
2 {) I* m" x6 i, G. E
20.2 Origins of viruses.3 b6 z$ U. D+ R0 `* {" T7 e8 v0 J
& m/ p+ f3 n7 O/ W5 h
20.3 Evolution of viruses.) o3 ^6 c' Y* z% X

4 p# X% L8 ?; _5 a4 h6 B" C+ y21 Emerging viruses.! ~4 {$ {- r8 v: d

% ?0 d+ A4 L4 Q! X7 t21.1 Introduction to emerging viruses
6 H8 D" S& X) ^2 Z" I% p% U* T/ a% `7 z% x( ?: [% c9 @0 e
21.2 Viruses in new host species- O( {- d, c, Z2 I1 [/ o
! ?  m7 `+ I  F5 g4 @5 o
21.3 Viruses in new areas
4 `2 s7 `4 J  }0 V; r2 z" u
9 ~+ I  `8 f  G9 d! \: X21.4 Viruses in new host species and in new areas/ M4 N! ~; B5 j: g7 F0 C' r

4 y  J5 q7 w. {- F# `1 X21.5 New viruses: u; f, N8 b4 y1 K& l5 W  N" U
4 O- m' V& p# ?9 h
21.6 Recently discovered virus
# f0 x8 O' a3 H
+ m$ j9 ?# ?( |5 n% @7 G) `21.7 Re-emerging viruses
  ~& ?$ w) u: a, v2 |# h. D; L' H, `! ^: O+ M
21.8 Virus surveillance# L' h$ Q4 c/ B+ O

6 Z" o& h8 H7 B' x& L; @21.9 Dealing with outbreaks
  D3 v$ D( v) A3 K9 L( U- A- d2 X* W' w% J
22 Viruses and cancer4 m  X  v0 u7 `8 s5 W0 {

2 f8 X( `( U' ?/ g/ w% D22.1 Introduction to viruses and cancer( h! N" W' w" g  ]4 @

5 [! N  H* r/ K' k22.2 Papillomavirus-linked cancers; e: ^7 ~. _7 y( t

8 ?- Y; N2 W1 O- C1 n22.3 Polyomavirus-linked cancers
! @& d: p4 r: d! U9 a. t
+ C3 F# ^$ E. u# l) D. o22.4 Epstein-Barr virus-linked cancers, R" \9 R! L2 ?3 K, J; o3 V
1 ]* X3 G1 [' ]6 D9 Y
22.5 Kaposi’s sarcoma
, f4 i* O4 \0 F$ G$ S0 A; d
& I4 w& v$ o$ C' Y, j22.6 Adult T cell leukaemia
' b! e7 V; K$ D' G8 m7 n$ @  I- U* @. {1 |+ U& @
22.7 Hepatocellular carcinoma
7 ?1 b0 I2 c  x7 g" J, S4 O# ~* c7 |
% O3 a+ I! S, i2 D/ a- j22.8 Virus-associated cancers in animals% Y7 v# a& Y! l$ g  Q+ u
! o4 y  F" J$ G
22.9 Cell lines derived from virus-associated cancers.! Z$ v& Y1 n1 W

" H3 b3 s+ T; w8 z+ C2 V3 n8 }22.10 How do viruses cause cancer?
/ \! B$ n* i  b- {0 v3 M" @0 v
' E9 T0 `5 T  M' c$ d22.11 Prevention of virus-induced cancers.
4 s* H+ c- d2 T- W; @% c/ S9 W  k* d8 c2 ], j
23 Survival of infectivity.
0 I& w. |2 I- c  g  N  @" X8 E1 [" V/ s7 B2 w  k, d# C( k1 W
23.1 Preservation of virus infectivity.
. K$ y. Q: r) B; ~8 B  Q, |" j8 Z1 g0 w) w2 Q6 ]! d
23.2 Destruction of virus infectivity.! v# K1 D5 r3 x& A# I) M: R
$ |# C$ Q# B  z. E" i. e
23.3 Inactivation targets in virions.3 h6 g. u3 e( Q  C1 m. ?/ M

/ A8 K, o/ X* Q* B23.4 Inactivation kinetics.$ x( x4 o; d* ~/ v- Z
* w" q1 F  M) ]: G
23.5 Agents that inactivate virus infectivity.$ D( j7 D. |  p5 g8 s9 c
# g2 h, N! E! M$ U; t( d9 Z
24 Virus vaccines.7 h' J0 A( t- w. a  @5 c
0 j5 I+ m1 x0 f. C2 _" E" x* ~* a! |
24.1 Introduction to virus vaccines.
4 h% R9 v% J8 F/ H" n2 K% J$ t# m( Q/ A' q
24.2 Live attenuated virus vaccines.. h( R" i: C& I0 f

8 h* g8 k3 r5 k2 R8 X, e" G& ~0 C24.3 Inactivated virus vaccines.6 U2 Z6 \# V$ r' c; g& i6 O

* @) U' R0 x* t0 z& f4 U24.4 Virion subunit vaccines.
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  B7 N5 l! y. `; Q/ ?  S24.5 Live recombinant virus vaccines.
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24.6 Mass production of viruses for vaccines.
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24.7 Virus-like particles.- z7 t& H/ y, r. D2 N: H) h9 B% H+ N
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24.8 Synthetic peptide vaccines.
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24.9 DNA vaccines., U/ l, G1 G! @. L3 y3 w
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24.10 Storage and transport of vaccines.
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' |* V" x9 c) L7 G25 Anti-viral drugs./ @: o! z9 K* m) l8 q7 U, W4 x2 e
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25.1 Introduction to anti-viral drugs.
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& b5 g- C1 \/ T  a$ }. s, N25.2 Development of anti-viral drugs.
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25.3 Examples of anti-viral drugs.% q8 u7 t3 N% j8 g3 H% |  d5 {

4 t6 O* l. O4 d8 a2 ~25.4 Drug resistance.# I. `0 y, F( R' q: ~: R

& a: i) J' q3 b. n4 ~' a25.5 Anti-viral drug research.* ~- i1 O' f0 k7 ]( M

( f) L' G, ]& I, S" J* e; p26 Prions.
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26.1 Introduction to prions.
* k: Z" F' K+ @/ D; |
* u: B/ T+ X/ @+ }26.2 Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies.- ~  I9 W* L  |

" ]! b; E4 ^  O$ U2 `26.3 The nature of prions.( g3 [" U( \" F3 I! k6 w! i
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26.4 Prion diseases.
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26.5 Prion strains." [) `9 i+ f6 H& `
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26.6 Prion transmission.; N3 {2 I1 w2 ^3 S- Z: D

: h( Y2 C* y- p$ G1 e. U, {26.7 The protein-only hypothesis.
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Learning outcomes.
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6 c5 N* f* R- t' Y3 CSources of further information.
' Z$ B/ D1 l! m  Q$ r. H# ]/ j
1 S% Q1 i8 z! W& [- _Virologists' vocabulary.0 R; ?3 r2 p. p  M, M

( B2 O# X% |9 q% y; QIndex.
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好书!

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回复 dahui 的帖子
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干细胞之家微信公众号
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