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本帖最后由 细胞海洋 于 2014-10-24 09:51 编辑
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& o4 i5 x; P3 s. s# }$ i0 x& J在此省略实验试剂和仪器设备步骤 Y. y! T( R: E/ ^! Y/ r! R' K
成纤维细胞的制备+ c: Q& G9 @- q
1. 从鼠胚胎(A,MEF)或者鼠尾尖(B,TTF)获得成纤维细胞。一般情况下,胚胎成纤维细胞能得到更多ips colonies7 q5 D% d8 L# m7 i/ T7 q; E4 i
A 时间:15d4 E: e" X1 _7 X6 S- o4 A [
(1) 通过断颈杀死怀孕13.5d的雌鼠,分离子宫并用PBS作简单清洗。; v5 N: l ^+ A" ]) E
(2) 用镊子将胚胎从胎盘和周围被膜组织中分离开来,将胚胎的头部,内脏组织和生殖腺去除# S K" p4 t% N$ c" i5 R* N" P
(3) 将胚胎移至装有fresh PBS的100-mm dish中清洗,用剪刀将剩余体躯剪碎,移至装有0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo)的50-ml conical tube,37°孵育20min
8 ^6 s& [- r( ]$ ~(4) 另加0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo),37°孵育20min ) @) H; e5 u' h8 L# S6 G! N
(5) 加等量的FP medium (6 ml per embryo),反复吹打使组织充分分开
9 V" O% `# n/ x9 a9 T: q3 R+ k(6) Keep the tissue/medium mixture still for 5 min at room temperature (20–25 °) 以去除杂质,将上清移至另一新的50-ml conical tube。200g离心5min,弃上清,使沉淀重新悬浮于新的介质中。 a, W3 h, H! r- r8 y5 m' B" I
(7) 细胞计数,在FP medium中调整为1 ×106 cells per ml。通常,一个胚胎能获得约1×107个细胞。将细胞悬浮液移至 100-mm 组织培养皿 (1 ×107 cells per dish), 37 °5% CO2 下孵育 24 h (passage 1)
+ N+ k4 H/ v* u3 n4 T" i9 [) n# a(8) 第二天,用PBS清洗以移除漂浮的细胞。8 p5 R/ `% a% s% c
(9) 当细胞充分汇合时,去掉FP培养基,用PBS清洗一次,用1 ml of 0.05% trypsin and
& [& o; y$ D8 m# R% b% L( ?& Q0.53 mM EDTA 消化 5 min。脱落之后,加9 ml of FP medium并吹打使之悬浮。移至新的100-ml皿并作1:4的稀释(passage 2)。三代以内的MEFs作为ips的细胞来源,避免衰老。+ F3 m: Y7 H+ }6 g, @
4 f( G' H7 I; p7 g7 H: T0 l- e( R尾尖(B)时间:10d4 @- O1 \6 |. J5 U J$ \( c
在此略; {. o' D; P6 U5 L
解冻 SNL cells TIMING 0.5 h
: M: x8 V0 R) U9 ^1 T; _(1) 准备9ml的SNL medium于15ml的tube中, x9 O) C: G0 \/ i4 Z9 J | Y
(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻SNL cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞)
1 E1 k/ g& r- w3 ?(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1); `( o- L9 W+ r7 M H
(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清6 L% b8 g9 t2 o3 a
(5) 用10 ml of SNL medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm皿。37°,5% CO2
. z" p9 o1 I8 |# [, b1 C孵育,直到达到80–90%汇合 [$ u7 b8 G6 s% H" L* M$ A* h
+ X8 F/ ?; ~6 t& l# g" H9 _* jCRITICAL STEP 不要让细胞过度汇合,否则会影响它们作为feeder的效果。. I: i) }- \2 g3 d( D6 w0 P2 C
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SNL cells的传代 time:0.5h
8 Q3 V( l. A$ O(1) 弃培养液,用PBS清洗细胞一次
; `9 v4 X$ v( R4 E3 Q) u(2) 吸出PBS,加入0.5 ml per dish of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min
2 c6 [& j; K }$ v(3) 加4.5 ml 的 SNL medium,吹打数次使细胞成为单层细胞
# N* `: }6 d% A( ^- {(4) 通过加入SNL medium调整细胞悬浮液为160ml,移至gelatin-coated dishes (10 ml per 10-cm dish)。This splits the cells 1:16。37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至细胞80–90%汇合。This should happen 3–4 d after passage
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Mitomycin C-inactivation of SNL cells TIMING 3 h
/ R" P% }1 D& g1 A' F) O& h(1) 直接加0.3ml 0.4 mg ml–1 mitomycin C solution 到the culture medium of SNL dish,swirl it briefly(短暂地),37 °, 5% CO2孵育2.25 h。The final concentration of mitomycin C will be 12 微g ml–1
; [; N! ]- Y+ n(2) 孵育后,吸出所有的mitomycin C-containing medium,用10ml的PBS清洗细胞两次。2 r; a8 |7 n' O, e, i7 K& Y, r
(3) 吸出PBS,加0.5 ml of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,摇晃使cover the entire surface,然后室温下静置1min
0 B" ]# v8 Y# x7 V( r4 Q3 V/ o: k(4) 加5ml SNL medium中和trypsin,反复吹打使细胞成为单层。Pool the cell suspension into a 50-ml tube ,细胞计数。Seed the cells on gelatin-coated dishes (1 × 106 cells per 100-mm tissue culture dish, or 1.5 ×105 cells per well of 6-well plate)
# J6 b1 p9 h: u( P(5) 细胞之间不应该有太大间隙。They should become ready for usage by the next day.; p7 [* t$ u6 P* K' y- b; }' [- l
PAUSE POINT j1 [& r8 i; a% K1 \& M: j3 O O
The mitomycin C-treated SNL dishes 在用之前 can be left for 最多一周; }# i$ I3 u4 H
( h+ X) j3 Q9 x0 U v* t2 k3 C0 A解冻 Plat-E cells TIMING 0.5 h(与解冻 SNL cells操作基本一样)
* c5 X2 m- N q(1) 准备9ml的FP medium于15ml的tube中. A8 P- |2 p7 l" @1 r, z. L1 @
(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻Plat-E cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞)( ]7 Y1 z0 U" Q
(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1)+ Y% N5 o6 g; j! G
(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清6 M0 Z7 |) C; s) k, n: H
(5) 用10 ml of FP medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm 皿。37°5% CO2孵育* ?+ g2 E o" M; w# g
(6) 第二天,用新的培养基(添加了1 微g ml–1的puromycin和10 微g ml–1 的blastcidin S)替换原来的培养基。继续37 °, 5% CO2 孵育直至它们 80–90% 汇合, ?; p! W' z& |; M5 ~7 O0 X+ k' P
! f. |; j( A, ~) N- W- r" KPlat-E cells传代 TIMING 0.5h X' L2 F8 `1 M
(1) 吸出PBS,加入4 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min。轻拍,使细胞从培养皿上分离下来,用10 ml FP medium使细胞重新悬浮,转移至15ml tube中。180g离心5min,吸出上清
1 X5 r' w6 ^/ M% }(2) 加入适当体积的FP medium,反复吹打,使细胞成为单层,Seed them to new 100-ml dishes at 1:4–1:6 dilution。细胞应该在2-3天内汇合' k# ^0 ~# V5 w* e
Day 1: retrovirus production; Plat-E preparation TIMING 1 h
7 H, K3 E' ~4 D. S I* ^4 j(1) 用PBS清洗细胞,加入4 ml 的0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min, ^8 V' b3 G9 H% q K9 [
(2) 之后,加 10 ml FP medium 到 the Plat-E dish,轻轻吹打使细胞悬浮,将细胞悬浮液移至50ml tube。FP culture medium used in this period contains neither puromycin nor blasticidin S) ^, `3 z7 C2 C3 _
(3) 180g离心5min
, s( H1 N- Z2 A( p) U(4) 弃上清,用手指轻拍以打散沉淀细胞,用适量的FP medium 使细胞重新悬浮
H: Y% c$ \7 M# i! X(5) 细胞计数,用FP medium将细胞浓度调整为8 ×105 cells per ml, E {' z9 z/ B7 w) E* t! k! p
(6) Seed cells at 8 ×106 cells (10 ml) per 100-mm culture dish, and 孵育过夜at 37 °, 5% CO2/ P* b9 r: O( X; [$ a# u2 }
Day 2: retrovirus production; transfection into Plat-E cells TIMING 1 h
. f$ O; y3 L( o. x( h" }(1) 移 0.3 ml DMEM into a 1.5-ml tube
: W4 b1 `) z5 N( E' j(2) 在(1)中的tube 中加入27微升的Fugene 6 transfection reagent,用手指轻拍混匀,室温下孵育5min
. B" J2 r- a) p p(3) 加入9 微克 of pMXs plasmid DNA (encoding Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc)到Fugene 6/DMEM-containing tube(drop-by-drop),用手指轻拍混匀,孵育15min
8 Q* \4 E8 Q O% N) Q) m(4) 逐滴将DNA/Fugene 6 complex 加到 Plat-E dish中,37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜
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6 X J' _$ B3 d; Q关键步骤
" H) L [4 ~5 C, G @, m# YAlso transfect with a suitable control;we use pMXs retroviral vector GFP to monitor transfection efficiency。We routinely obtain efficiency >80%. High-efficient transfection is crucial for iPS cell induction
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Day 3: retrovirus production (continued) TIMING 0.5 h
; a; F7 ?; F! P吸出transfection reagent–containing medium,加入10ml新的FP培养基,return the cells to the incubator- o; R. T1 ^6 \+ `+ ?
Preparation of fibroblasts TIMING 1 h
, p! g* g0 q& a: G* B(1) 培养MEF或TTF(passage< 3)至约90%汇合in 10-cm dishes(约2×106 cells per dish)
6 W% ]2 z" [- H' |(2) 吸出培养基,用10ml的PBS清洗
. I" I S- F9 i/ ~1 X(3) 弃PBS,加1 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,37°孵育10min
+ t# Z4 M0 H! M t3 T: |9 p: f. T(4) 加9ml培养基,使细胞悬浮且为单层,移至50ml tube中
1 T' K6 r* U: F1 l3 a1 D& t" k(5) 细胞计数,调整细胞浓度为8×104 cells per ml。移10ml细胞悬浮液至有mitomycin C-inactivated SNL cells的100-mm dish (use puromycin-resistant feeder cells for NanogGFP-IRES-Puro)。37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜。! b% ?; T& N, E8 `
Day 4: retroviral infection TIMING 0.5 h1 a. l6 d7 Y4 {
(1) 用灭过的10-ml一次性注射器收集 medium from the Plat-E dish,通过 0.45-mm孔径大小的醋酸纤维素过滤器过滤,后移至15ml tube 。
2 f7 B, r! N0 c2 h8 `* r( w3 B(2) 加5 微升的 8 mg ml–1 polybrene solution 到 the 10-ml filtrated virus-containing medium,轻轻的反复吹打使之混匀,The final concentration of polybrene will be 4微g ml–1
7 x5 ?& z; p6 T) n" p. y* a(3) Make a mixture of equal parts of the medium containing Oct-3/4-, Sox2-, Klf4- and c-Myc-retroviruses.
) H4 W6 \# D( [$ f5 z- [关键步骤
, G: j: W" z! l/ Z5 q0 E6 t9 |2 S# MRetroviruses should be used freshly.不要冷冻,否则您将不会获得ips细胞。Retrovirus滴度对于ips细胞产生相当重要,The freeze/thaw step 降低病毒滴度3 f- n$ `4 x5 S
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(4) 从fibroblast dish中吸出medium,加入10 ml of the polybrene/virus-containing medium。37 °, 5% CO2孵育4h或者过夜
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Day 5 and 6 TIMING 5 min each day
9 K p) g% q/ D: M5 B24或者48h之后,从fibroblast dish中吸出 medium,加入10ml新鲜PBS! i2 I2 n# ~. {3 o. F2 @4 p
Day 7 TIMING 5 min
/ {% a8 c- F* z弃培养基,加入10 ml ES medium,For Fbx15βgeo/βgeo selection, the medium should be supplemented with 0.3 mg ml–1 of G418
) v3 R1 b- K1 zDay 8–10 TIMING 5 min each day
+ B2 M' o1 Z8 q' h每天更换培养基(分别在24,48,72h后)& A5 c$ {" z) x$ c
Day 11 TIMING 5 min
7 t" Z8 t/ B. V3 b1 d% n For NanogGFP-IRES-Puro selection, add puromycin to the medium at the final concentration of 1.5 mg ml–1
% q: R. v* ~2 O% Z! GDay 12 TIMING 约5 min each day; e& B, x! k( s' V$ ]6 i
每天换液,直至colony becomes big enough to be picked up. Colonies should first become visible approximately 病毒转染1周后. They should become large enough to be picked up around day 20(TROUBLESHOOTING 1)0 J- Z$ Z2 [! a. `9 a) P
Counting the colonies: 结晶紫染色 TIMING 1 d
0 J) k u7 @+ p* C(1) colonies收集后,完全吸出PBS,加入5ml甲醇固定剩余细胞,室温下孵育1min6 ^& f. h5 J* f* ]1 J' j
(2) Wash the dishes twice with water. n$ ?9 |) |5 b4 t9 [# g1 X& q
(3) 加 5 ml 0.1% 结晶紫溶液到皿中,室温下孵育5min/ {8 R& i5 _9 T9 i" x4 w' g
(4) Wash the dishes with water
- e( R. {2 }! o& v(5) Photograph the dishes and count the number of colonies.. D, |7 u, J2 N
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Expansion of iPS cells TIMING 1 h9 @) _7 l% u- |0 l; K( ?$ S0 \
(1) 弃培养基,用1ml PBS清洗细胞+ P$ n* @, x' b. g" ?" o4 G" {
(2) 彻底remove PBS,加 0.1 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min
0 }+ z; N7 K* S/ Y" |(3) 加0.4 ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层
* u {/ s; E8 d3 A c( Y: K# S(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至 a well of 6-well plate,加1.5 ml ES medium,37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至达到80–90%汇合in 6-well plates。At this point, prepare frozen stock of the cells, as follows(TROUBLESHOOTING 2)
8 h1 h1 h N9 u8 h$ c# f9 y9 }Preparation of freeze stock TIMING 1 h
, p1 m* n! x. }$ x(1) 弃培养基,用2ml PBS清洗4 O% J3 ]9 R+ e0 C# d
(2) 彻底remove PBS,加入0.3 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min
( H$ F9 F2 f ~0 O: I+ r# F(3) 加2ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层4 c7 Q* E% _& E* S
(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至15ml tube,细胞计数,160g离心5min
* M6 X/ s2 k, F) {, K; p, N* e U, Y(5) 弃上清,用ES重新悬浮细胞至2×106 cells per ml
! @5 w( U5 q* N4 G& I(6) Prepare 2×freezing medium (20% DMSO in ES medium) and 小份分装(每小瓶0.5 ml)
, n$ B, w' R2 y2 @(7) 加0.5ml细胞悬浮液到freeze vials(冻存小瓶)中,轻轻混匀
; D3 H) w, { g(8) Put the vials in a cell-freezing container and keep it at –80 °overnight (TROUBLESHOOTING 3)
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For long-term storage, keep frozen cells in the gas phase of a liquid nitrogen tank.
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