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本帖最后由 细胞海洋 于 2014-10-24 09:51 编辑 , o2 p5 V3 l. \# Z
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在此省略实验试剂和仪器设备步骤# R: M% }+ C1 y' ~
成纤维细胞的制备/ m' q) D' T+ m+ [" K
1. 从鼠胚胎(A,MEF)或者鼠尾尖(B,TTF)获得成纤维细胞。一般情况下,胚胎成纤维细胞能得到更多ips colonies
9 [- J8 B' ]' IA 时间:15d
& S: }! ^" o1 s# p8 i(1) 通过断颈杀死怀孕13.5d的雌鼠,分离子宫并用PBS作简单清洗。
) Q ^$ u L: k(2) 用镊子将胚胎从胎盘和周围被膜组织中分离开来,将胚胎的头部,内脏组织和生殖腺去除
2 ^, u/ l1 g F$ _(3) 将胚胎移至装有fresh PBS的100-mm dish中清洗,用剪刀将剩余体躯剪碎,移至装有0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo)的50-ml conical tube,37°孵育20min 6 E: H$ v$ g, o) M. H
(4) 另加0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo),37°孵育20min
6 ~# w/ d/ T# i r8 m# X2 G(5) 加等量的FP medium (6 ml per embryo),反复吹打使组织充分分开, q8 Z! t3 G$ O- R u
(6) Keep the tissue/medium mixture still for 5 min at room temperature (20–25 °) 以去除杂质,将上清移至另一新的50-ml conical tube。200g离心5min,弃上清,使沉淀重新悬浮于新的介质中。# y" u$ K& d/ n- o
(7) 细胞计数,在FP medium中调整为1 ×106 cells per ml。通常,一个胚胎能获得约1×107个细胞。将细胞悬浮液移至 100-mm 组织培养皿 (1 ×107 cells per dish), 37 °5% CO2 下孵育 24 h (passage 1)- k) s: M0 Q, x4 Z3 u- D
(8) 第二天,用PBS清洗以移除漂浮的细胞。
% C8 A$ t. j# J' T4 d I9 F(9) 当细胞充分汇合时,去掉FP培养基,用PBS清洗一次,用1 ml of 0.05% trypsin and
5 v) P7 ~0 i: ?; Y, H+ X$ J3 x6 T0.53 mM EDTA 消化 5 min。脱落之后,加9 ml of FP medium并吹打使之悬浮。移至新的100-ml皿并作1:4的稀释(passage 2)。三代以内的MEFs作为ips的细胞来源,避免衰老。
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! h Y) h) `9 k尾尖(B)时间:10d: Y. l; n# J9 i. w! `2 i; ^
在此略4 z) k, o6 l: \$ F9 f* y$ Y
解冻 SNL cells TIMING 0.5 h
: ]8 [( g* B5 D, J0 U! e0 A(1) 准备9ml的SNL medium于15ml的tube中
. [! x" l9 I% ~' i2 b) ?" C$ e(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻SNL cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞)0 u4 R5 ~0 N& [+ r, B4 m I* u
(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1)% Z! y4 [& F8 A
(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清 C% {" N5 v5 Z
(5) 用10 ml of SNL medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm皿。37°,5% CO2
0 j5 V0 {* m; E- W& X孵育,直到达到80–90%汇合- u; W/ T- b. `# \' Y( i% Z1 I
. L5 s v# u! ^( H+ yCRITICAL STEP 不要让细胞过度汇合,否则会影响它们作为feeder的效果。, t2 |& q7 _5 g1 Y3 f7 d
% |4 ^% x3 p9 h, s2 tSNL cells的传代 time:0.5h0 s6 `, s9 d' f& z! B
(1) 弃培养液,用PBS清洗细胞一次2 w' q5 j7 X! {( }7 k6 Q
(2) 吸出PBS,加入0.5 ml per dish of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min- E# k3 z- I) H0 h, R: H+ B, Q
(3) 加4.5 ml 的 SNL medium,吹打数次使细胞成为单层细胞. X3 O) E& }5 {: w
(4) 通过加入SNL medium调整细胞悬浮液为160ml,移至gelatin-coated dishes (10 ml per 10-cm dish)。This splits the cells 1:16。37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至细胞80–90%汇合。This should happen 3–4 d after passage
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Mitomycin C-inactivation of SNL cells TIMING 3 h
: Q0 T: x ]' I(1) 直接加0.3ml 0.4 mg ml–1 mitomycin C solution 到the culture medium of SNL dish,swirl it briefly(短暂地),37 °, 5% CO2孵育2.25 h。The final concentration of mitomycin C will be 12 微g ml–1/ A* R o' A4 U- X/ H" Y
(2) 孵育后,吸出所有的mitomycin C-containing medium,用10ml的PBS清洗细胞两次。0 {: z/ h7 k# T: _0 d! R0 R
(3) 吸出PBS,加0.5 ml of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,摇晃使cover the entire surface,然后室温下静置1min
" S z1 w8 b9 z+ h4 }(4) 加5ml SNL medium中和trypsin,反复吹打使细胞成为单层。Pool the cell suspension into a 50-ml tube ,细胞计数。Seed the cells on gelatin-coated dishes (1 × 106 cells per 100-mm tissue culture dish, or 1.5 ×105 cells per well of 6-well plate)# Z& R% C1 M8 C1 {' F& @
(5) 细胞之间不应该有太大间隙。They should become ready for usage by the next day.& K8 K' \% C, y5 V9 o7 u( ]
PAUSE POINT; J. [* E% R- c) N& C, X! O' @
The mitomycin C-treated SNL dishes 在用之前 can be left for 最多一周; g( c. V6 T9 l6 K2 Y6 @7 Z; ?" l
- M8 l& B( Q. F- t& d解冻 Plat-E cells TIMING 0.5 h(与解冻 SNL cells操作基本一样)
. w0 r6 \! x7 e5 @. V. s0 \(1) 准备9ml的FP medium于15ml的tube中
. o7 r7 m$ ]& }- L U(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻Plat-E cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞)
9 M7 h/ Z% {5 L# k( b(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1)
4 i, c/ _7 H+ u5 ~% s(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清
- B- w6 P4 {% }; r(5) 用10 ml of FP medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm 皿。37°5% CO2孵育
$ V9 x x6 a$ k$ q8 y, b(6) 第二天,用新的培养基(添加了1 微g ml–1的puromycin和10 微g ml–1 的blastcidin S)替换原来的培养基。继续37 °, 5% CO2 孵育直至它们 80–90% 汇合
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0 o, D$ v/ I6 o% d; \; gPlat-E cells传代 TIMING 0.5h6 _/ W/ S# M1 ]2 `8 h5 Q5 @ J! t: _8 C
(1) 吸出PBS,加入4 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min。轻拍,使细胞从培养皿上分离下来,用10 ml FP medium使细胞重新悬浮,转移至15ml tube中。180g离心5min,吸出上清
, l. t6 }9 t4 k(2) 加入适当体积的FP medium,反复吹打,使细胞成为单层,Seed them to new 100-ml dishes at 1:4–1:6 dilution。细胞应该在2-3天内汇合
# X3 Q; q- U0 W3 `/ U. q5 Z! MDay 1: retrovirus production; Plat-E preparation TIMING 1 h: i' @+ l' m: l+ f
(1) 用PBS清洗细胞,加入4 ml 的0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min$ ?# j1 x( N* T5 S. X) s
(2) 之后,加 10 ml FP medium 到 the Plat-E dish,轻轻吹打使细胞悬浮,将细胞悬浮液移至50ml tube。FP culture medium used in this period contains neither puromycin nor blasticidin S
9 r$ s# A% g* @: [(3) 180g离心5min
; r. O2 L: l8 \& O(4) 弃上清,用手指轻拍以打散沉淀细胞,用适量的FP medium 使细胞重新悬浮
. O- l4 v6 p8 Z(5) 细胞计数,用FP medium将细胞浓度调整为8 ×105 cells per ml% U" W0 H* c' b7 `
(6) Seed cells at 8 ×106 cells (10 ml) per 100-mm culture dish, and 孵育过夜at 37 °, 5% CO2& f% W) h2 |4 C
Day 2: retrovirus production; transfection into Plat-E cells TIMING 1 h
" u: J: Z4 ]) c* ^/ f+ e; {0 r(1) 移 0.3 ml DMEM into a 1.5-ml tube
, C# B0 b4 Z9 E' m$ Z(2) 在(1)中的tube 中加入27微升的Fugene 6 transfection reagent,用手指轻拍混匀,室温下孵育5min
$ N, X$ `& p$ r- \( o' F6 v(3) 加入9 微克 of pMXs plasmid DNA (encoding Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc)到Fugene 6/DMEM-containing tube(drop-by-drop),用手指轻拍混匀,孵育15min9 W9 H- U( T3 R% \- K) U8 A- l4 l
(4) 逐滴将DNA/Fugene 6 complex 加到 Plat-E dish中,37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜
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关键步骤; y" w3 C& C4 l( P9 V J% j- Z
Also transfect with a suitable control;we use pMXs retroviral vector GFP to monitor transfection efficiency。We routinely obtain efficiency >80%. High-efficient transfection is crucial for iPS cell induction3 E5 R; Y- z3 H& J- K
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Day 3: retrovirus production (continued) TIMING 0.5 h+ o0 o5 S% j: C) m! e' h
吸出transfection reagent–containing medium,加入10ml新的FP培养基,return the cells to the incubator2 E! v$ B- A" P; r& `
Preparation of fibroblasts TIMING 1 h4 J" V% e/ F& W" t! _) o
(1) 培养MEF或TTF(passage< 3)至约90%汇合in 10-cm dishes(约2×106 cells per dish)
9 a6 @3 S1 V; [% t/ x(2) 吸出培养基,用10ml的PBS清洗
1 A2 K% p4 Z6 |& Q2 K(3) 弃PBS,加1 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,37°孵育10min
5 y0 R$ [0 y; d9 R' {( U(4) 加9ml培养基,使细胞悬浮且为单层,移至50ml tube中0 i3 D1 a' J% s$ }$ u) q
(5) 细胞计数,调整细胞浓度为8×104 cells per ml。移10ml细胞悬浮液至有mitomycin C-inactivated SNL cells的100-mm dish (use puromycin-resistant feeder cells for NanogGFP-IRES-Puro)。37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜。9 T% ?7 j" w! R: p
Day 4: retroviral infection TIMING 0.5 h& W7 g6 e- _* f
(1) 用灭过的10-ml一次性注射器收集 medium from the Plat-E dish,通过 0.45-mm孔径大小的醋酸纤维素过滤器过滤,后移至15ml tube 。# f" \$ u. q& H2 L
(2) 加5 微升的 8 mg ml–1 polybrene solution 到 the 10-ml filtrated virus-containing medium,轻轻的反复吹打使之混匀,The final concentration of polybrene will be 4微g ml–1
3 c3 Q |1 k" W2 R2 O: h(3) Make a mixture of equal parts of the medium containing Oct-3/4-, Sox2-, Klf4- and c-Myc-retroviruses.; c. E1 u7 x2 v* F2 i' \
关键步骤
# ]3 t' p, a( t! [' E( E1 ARetroviruses should be used freshly.不要冷冻,否则您将不会获得ips细胞。Retrovirus滴度对于ips细胞产生相当重要,The freeze/thaw step 降低病毒滴度1 @9 Z+ l$ F+ x% U+ e: c1 R3 L; o
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(4) 从fibroblast dish中吸出medium,加入10 ml of the polybrene/virus-containing medium。37 °, 5% CO2孵育4h或者过夜
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. V+ Z2 G! N0 F KDay 5 and 6 TIMING 5 min each day+ Q: }0 e+ n: e) O
24或者48h之后,从fibroblast dish中吸出 medium,加入10ml新鲜PBS |& E( o0 r) A: V2 ?0 |! `
Day 7 TIMING 5 min
9 t% g' {4 Z0 \" J0 @) }% Z- A4 u2 t弃培养基,加入10 ml ES medium,For Fbx15βgeo/βgeo selection, the medium should be supplemented with 0.3 mg ml–1 of G4187 q# T8 W8 z) e5 {& P
Day 8–10 TIMING 5 min each day8 g4 c; T6 K8 v" @* [/ P
每天更换培养基(分别在24,48,72h后)
& t1 y) q3 F' Y" Z. x' S% PDay 11 TIMING 5 min
- i2 j1 \1 V3 t8 b For NanogGFP-IRES-Puro selection, add puromycin to the medium at the final concentration of 1.5 mg ml–1
6 q- X4 \ `9 O y; C8 H2 YDay 12 TIMING 约5 min each day
! M7 f& h2 o+ d Y每天换液,直至colony becomes big enough to be picked up. Colonies should first become visible approximately 病毒转染1周后. They should become large enough to be picked up around day 20(TROUBLESHOOTING 1)
" S. I- v4 ]& o1 K3 @Counting the colonies: 结晶紫染色 TIMING 1 d% T' a3 T; K( e. ]8 Q
(1) colonies收集后,完全吸出PBS,加入5ml甲醇固定剩余细胞,室温下孵育1min
" p9 C$ Z/ z# t(2) Wash the dishes twice with water.
& y* F& Y; U: H9 u& W(3) 加 5 ml 0.1% 结晶紫溶液到皿中,室温下孵育5min
3 R7 _- h" r, O7 j c1 a2 {3 W3 _0 W! Y(4) Wash the dishes with water Y( r* [% y" y% m) L, F7 [
(5) Photograph the dishes and count the number of colonies.
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% g9 p0 g: }6 D1 c9 C) K& F" }% ^6 K# Q, aExpansion of iPS cells TIMING 1 h
% w' \ g8 ?0 f) Q! f n(1) 弃培养基,用1ml PBS清洗细胞
o1 Z8 G) g2 z(2) 彻底remove PBS,加 0.1 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min7 D. A+ D/ R8 P* R* ]6 i
(3) 加0.4 ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层
7 S% O$ K- _2 t- k: Q' K% l0 n(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至 a well of 6-well plate,加1.5 ml ES medium,37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至达到80–90%汇合in 6-well plates。At this point, prepare frozen stock of the cells, as follows(TROUBLESHOOTING 2)! `* |) R# Q$ {( {2 i1 \8 C3 ]% Q
Preparation of freeze stock TIMING 1 h( _6 r3 O, O: o7 X
(1) 弃培养基,用2ml PBS清洗
5 E& Y9 j' U' b6 N(2) 彻底remove PBS,加入0.3 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min4 t4 a% m* g! S
(3) 加2ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层1 P' h1 n: V; ]: z& ?
(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至15ml tube,细胞计数,160g离心5min9 x- h# F2 _( ?8 ~
(5) 弃上清,用ES重新悬浮细胞至2×106 cells per ml
6 `, r! t& |( F$ F(6) Prepare 2×freezing medium (20% DMSO in ES medium) and 小份分装(每小瓶0.5 ml)
) C( Y" P/ {9 k% e0 c0 O(7) 加0.5ml细胞悬浮液到freeze vials(冻存小瓶)中,轻轻混匀) t1 F: V6 ?; f& S! y( v$ l: v
(8) Put the vials in a cell-freezing container and keep it at –80 °overnight (TROUBLESHOOTING 3)
4 z& _& d4 Y. Z" KPAUSE POINT
( ?9 y& s! T* w9 m2 \* eFor long-term storage, keep frozen cells in the gas phase of a liquid nitrogen tank.- Q0 ^1 |, s! g: u4 V) g) Z
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