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本帖最后由 细胞海洋 于 2014-10-24 09:51 编辑 % p6 \* r; ^; R8 G9 f
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在此省略实验试剂和仪器设备步骤$ ] Z* ?; L9 i7 ^2 H' C
成纤维细胞的制备
0 K/ n& h6 ^- Q2 w8 _1. 从鼠胚胎(A,MEF)或者鼠尾尖(B,TTF)获得成纤维细胞。一般情况下,胚胎成纤维细胞能得到更多ips colonies7 C, S# d0 n% s1 Q4 b
A 时间:15d; W/ ^, Y/ O3 n6 P1 i, w- t# P
(1) 通过断颈杀死怀孕13.5d的雌鼠,分离子宫并用PBS作简单清洗。
- Y( A+ J7 U p(2) 用镊子将胚胎从胎盘和周围被膜组织中分离开来,将胚胎的头部,内脏组织和生殖腺去除
- r" E. ^$ [* {. K9 `& i' d7 I(3) 将胚胎移至装有fresh PBS的100-mm dish中清洗,用剪刀将剩余体躯剪碎,移至装有0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo)的50-ml conical tube,37°孵育20min
/ v0 M z- ~( t2 P(4) 另加0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo),37°孵育20min 4 F% H9 h0 {9 ?. a7 _" R" c
(5) 加等量的FP medium (6 ml per embryo),反复吹打使组织充分分开7 ^- t! }, J: U% x) E& W
(6) Keep the tissue/medium mixture still for 5 min at room temperature (20–25 °) 以去除杂质,将上清移至另一新的50-ml conical tube。200g离心5min,弃上清,使沉淀重新悬浮于新的介质中。
' \- Q0 o% |& s8 H2 S(7) 细胞计数,在FP medium中调整为1 ×106 cells per ml。通常,一个胚胎能获得约1×107个细胞。将细胞悬浮液移至 100-mm 组织培养皿 (1 ×107 cells per dish), 37 °5% CO2 下孵育 24 h (passage 1)4 v( N0 m- g- a9 c
(8) 第二天,用PBS清洗以移除漂浮的细胞。" u" _ f S( U& g' ]5 L. G
(9) 当细胞充分汇合时,去掉FP培养基,用PBS清洗一次,用1 ml of 0.05% trypsin and$ n5 w; k9 I, V& v6 e, {
0.53 mM EDTA 消化 5 min。脱落之后,加9 ml of FP medium并吹打使之悬浮。移至新的100-ml皿并作1:4的稀释(passage 2)。三代以内的MEFs作为ips的细胞来源,避免衰老。
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2 i' w& @& u5 k+ [+ U" ^3 b( i尾尖(B)时间:10d
9 d* Q3 N) ~8 @* J; c5 k在此略
4 }% L; a* ]* g1 X& z3 \8 G! @解冻 SNL cells TIMING 0.5 h c5 H7 l2 g* `
(1) 准备9ml的SNL medium于15ml的tube中6 ^6 c3 ]! Z* |3 c% {" W* C
(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻SNL cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞)
& b# ~, O" U: \0 ~1 J8 U* K(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1)6 \8 }5 ]- O& S. |- G2 Q( {7 I
(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清/ ~1 J+ L, m2 {. ^, R
(5) 用10 ml of SNL medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm皿。37°,5% CO2
+ T5 W7 S6 C0 @1 p) n孵育,直到达到80–90%汇合- P f5 g+ s: k4 _9 T
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CRITICAL STEP 不要让细胞过度汇合,否则会影响它们作为feeder的效果。6 C Z$ ?; O# l$ V: Y7 ~4 J
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SNL cells的传代 time:0.5h
, s! F0 {' y. R9 K1 o" X! y& N5 j(1) 弃培养液,用PBS清洗细胞一次
: o7 a. n% l" e- v(2) 吸出PBS,加入0.5 ml per dish of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min/ O6 A f$ k3 @5 T/ N( Q- E
(3) 加4.5 ml 的 SNL medium,吹打数次使细胞成为单层细胞
0 n. R5 _* K& U1 ]; a) r9 l8 X(4) 通过加入SNL medium调整细胞悬浮液为160ml,移至gelatin-coated dishes (10 ml per 10-cm dish)。This splits the cells 1:16。37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至细胞80–90%汇合。This should happen 3–4 d after passage i, T* @) ?9 U5 y2 Z a
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Mitomycin C-inactivation of SNL cells TIMING 3 h. {! e2 R. p- I A" k3 Y
(1) 直接加0.3ml 0.4 mg ml–1 mitomycin C solution 到the culture medium of SNL dish,swirl it briefly(短暂地),37 °, 5% CO2孵育2.25 h。The final concentration of mitomycin C will be 12 微g ml–18 q, i2 i& c; d# w
(2) 孵育后,吸出所有的mitomycin C-containing medium,用10ml的PBS清洗细胞两次。: ?4 a) Q/ I# t. M! O$ z; G+ [
(3) 吸出PBS,加0.5 ml of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,摇晃使cover the entire surface,然后室温下静置1min) S! q, `) j! H3 \: L" W
(4) 加5ml SNL medium中和trypsin,反复吹打使细胞成为单层。Pool the cell suspension into a 50-ml tube ,细胞计数。Seed the cells on gelatin-coated dishes (1 × 106 cells per 100-mm tissue culture dish, or 1.5 ×105 cells per well of 6-well plate)+ [0 G, j: z X3 {
(5) 细胞之间不应该有太大间隙。They should become ready for usage by the next day." f5 @" X& t: M
PAUSE POINT
! B7 k: s) r$ L- u& bThe mitomycin C-treated SNL dishes 在用之前 can be left for 最多一周
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: L/ @5 Y. I9 F+ [解冻 Plat-E cells TIMING 0.5 h(与解冻 SNL cells操作基本一样)$ i R5 o& e& K1 {- j
(1) 准备9ml的FP medium于15ml的tube中
3 a! Q( W; Y8 ?8 h(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻Plat-E cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞)
$ G& Z9 h) r4 L(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1)
* {5 ?" N1 V# [" B! `( J(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清- [5 m& |% l& i# P8 B
(5) 用10 ml of FP medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm 皿。37°5% CO2孵育
& h) [3 p* i) R% S# T9 g(6) 第二天,用新的培养基(添加了1 微g ml–1的puromycin和10 微g ml–1 的blastcidin S)替换原来的培养基。继续37 °, 5% CO2 孵育直至它们 80–90% 汇合
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Plat-E cells传代 TIMING 0.5h
+ L( f' @1 ]/ ]$ v* B9 h) O(1) 吸出PBS,加入4 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min。轻拍,使细胞从培养皿上分离下来,用10 ml FP medium使细胞重新悬浮,转移至15ml tube中。180g离心5min,吸出上清 g1 o, @+ s& c" R" P9 q
(2) 加入适当体积的FP medium,反复吹打,使细胞成为单层,Seed them to new 100-ml dishes at 1:4–1:6 dilution。细胞应该在2-3天内汇合
: M) U8 V7 ~/ H q, Q, [Day 1: retrovirus production; Plat-E preparation TIMING 1 h8 d# E" z' y* I! F2 Z
(1) 用PBS清洗细胞,加入4 ml 的0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min
/ C( k/ z, H. J$ T3 {; K7 B(2) 之后,加 10 ml FP medium 到 the Plat-E dish,轻轻吹打使细胞悬浮,将细胞悬浮液移至50ml tube。FP culture medium used in this period contains neither puromycin nor blasticidin S, m+ ~; v' |( @4 ]! T
(3) 180g离心5min
% j- R3 u) J/ ?' I4 L# e(4) 弃上清,用手指轻拍以打散沉淀细胞,用适量的FP medium 使细胞重新悬浮* P \3 J, B$ `& U7 H7 |$ O
(5) 细胞计数,用FP medium将细胞浓度调整为8 ×105 cells per ml
2 L" c4 s8 \7 {" f% E9 v(6) Seed cells at 8 ×106 cells (10 ml) per 100-mm culture dish, and 孵育过夜at 37 °, 5% CO2
& h4 f, r$ q# t/ @) PDay 2: retrovirus production; transfection into Plat-E cells TIMING 1 h! `7 ~' ?5 k7 L- u1 }- \& [2 N
(1) 移 0.3 ml DMEM into a 1.5-ml tube0 c. ^& y" f1 q9 q) \
(2) 在(1)中的tube 中加入27微升的Fugene 6 transfection reagent,用手指轻拍混匀,室温下孵育5min
. V" @3 P+ `+ [6 _% f(3) 加入9 微克 of pMXs plasmid DNA (encoding Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc)到Fugene 6/DMEM-containing tube(drop-by-drop),用手指轻拍混匀,孵育15min, t0 Y: c: i3 c9 r
(4) 逐滴将DNA/Fugene 6 complex 加到 Plat-E dish中,37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜
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& a, W% Y! T: w9 p4 j( |- Z关键步骤# \" s: v8 S* d$ ]7 ?
Also transfect with a suitable control;we use pMXs retroviral vector GFP to monitor transfection efficiency。We routinely obtain efficiency >80%. High-efficient transfection is crucial for iPS cell induction3 o. _* y) Z' k, c: b
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Day 3: retrovirus production (continued) TIMING 0.5 h+ h" Q; o/ U6 V+ H' F2 c7 s
吸出transfection reagent–containing medium,加入10ml新的FP培养基,return the cells to the incubator. k# a8 C* ?+ f1 V
Preparation of fibroblasts TIMING 1 h
. ]6 W' T: }/ ^% @7 @2 z$ z, b(1) 培养MEF或TTF(passage< 3)至约90%汇合in 10-cm dishes(约2×106 cells per dish)
/ @2 n' b4 v, h(2) 吸出培养基,用10ml的PBS清洗2 P0 G7 i) i2 ~9 v! e
(3) 弃PBS,加1 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,37°孵育10min
# {# [0 L5 q2 D( `* ?(4) 加9ml培养基,使细胞悬浮且为单层,移至50ml tube中
5 I8 F, P* _" {/ M# ]% ?(5) 细胞计数,调整细胞浓度为8×104 cells per ml。移10ml细胞悬浮液至有mitomycin C-inactivated SNL cells的100-mm dish (use puromycin-resistant feeder cells for NanogGFP-IRES-Puro)。37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜。) O% b- p3 S& O; a2 F! v G/ {
Day 4: retroviral infection TIMING 0.5 h9 P* r8 {& p9 E' V7 {
(1) 用灭过的10-ml一次性注射器收集 medium from the Plat-E dish,通过 0.45-mm孔径大小的醋酸纤维素过滤器过滤,后移至15ml tube 。& y6 \- x$ G) s+ J0 u/ o" T
(2) 加5 微升的 8 mg ml–1 polybrene solution 到 the 10-ml filtrated virus-containing medium,轻轻的反复吹打使之混匀,The final concentration of polybrene will be 4微g ml–1* Q ~- T( ]" t8 _$ U
(3) Make a mixture of equal parts of the medium containing Oct-3/4-, Sox2-, Klf4- and c-Myc-retroviruses.8 B [6 {) o( E9 H
关键步骤
( g. u0 R# w I8 J. n* t& r( XRetroviruses should be used freshly.不要冷冻,否则您将不会获得ips细胞。Retrovirus滴度对于ips细胞产生相当重要,The freeze/thaw step 降低病毒滴度
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- `7 w# v: h! b$ {# M( O/ h) ^" ](4) 从fibroblast dish中吸出medium,加入10 ml of the polybrene/virus-containing medium。37 °, 5% CO2孵育4h或者过夜7 T$ h9 Q0 b, F0 N, T8 O+ R" O
6 z& o; k; ~6 ` `: K9 |* L- yDay 5 and 6 TIMING 5 min each day
C8 w, l# D3 Y24或者48h之后,从fibroblast dish中吸出 medium,加入10ml新鲜PBS3 X' a! }8 d, X7 e" t
Day 7 TIMING 5 min
6 o) Z0 f! z! Y- Q5 K) ]4 b% L( j# Z弃培养基,加入10 ml ES medium,For Fbx15βgeo/βgeo selection, the medium should be supplemented with 0.3 mg ml–1 of G418
+ u1 R' }1 e1 K" `9 N# tDay 8–10 TIMING 5 min each day
3 e4 S$ |7 [9 H$ l: H3 w8 H8 v每天更换培养基(分别在24,48,72h后)
6 g6 a. M% ^! f$ J' y+ qDay 11 TIMING 5 min( m, U& r, B! }! S! @7 O3 u5 q
For NanogGFP-IRES-Puro selection, add puromycin to the medium at the final concentration of 1.5 mg ml–1
& a+ V$ t. o) }: x7 b' oDay 12 TIMING 约5 min each day
. ^8 v- X& d' G' U# E, J每天换液,直至colony becomes big enough to be picked up. Colonies should first become visible approximately 病毒转染1周后. They should become large enough to be picked up around day 20(TROUBLESHOOTING 1)1 A! U- D% i9 |" k
Counting the colonies: 结晶紫染色 TIMING 1 d" i! ~( n) ^! T( s% N
(1) colonies收集后,完全吸出PBS,加入5ml甲醇固定剩余细胞,室温下孵育1min
# _# d2 Z7 j. Y% E(2) Wash the dishes twice with water.
4 R9 t+ f* i9 M(3) 加 5 ml 0.1% 结晶紫溶液到皿中,室温下孵育5min
. k, }/ H+ g" D7 _/ c* N h' {" D. \(4) Wash the dishes with water
+ m7 L9 [: @: Q* n(5) Photograph the dishes and count the number of colonies.( Q" S8 _/ x8 f' U
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Expansion of iPS cells TIMING 1 h% o4 y. f# F1 V. I+ v+ u) W! x
(1) 弃培养基,用1ml PBS清洗细胞
! s: T% n9 N4 f, U( o7 k(2) 彻底remove PBS,加 0.1 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min+ ~4 S; D8 ~; t4 ^7 f
(3) 加0.4 ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层
( D, z! w) k" R6 i(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至 a well of 6-well plate,加1.5 ml ES medium,37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至达到80–90%汇合in 6-well plates。At this point, prepare frozen stock of the cells, as follows(TROUBLESHOOTING 2)# }- Q, P u( I( U1 v; p6 p$ j" |9 h
Preparation of freeze stock TIMING 1 h6 c& }8 l; a( R+ |$ B# V9 [, x- b+ u
(1) 弃培养基,用2ml PBS清洗4 e% x- A: y) w# g
(2) 彻底remove PBS,加入0.3 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min$ f. D! I1 ]8 O% i) X' g
(3) 加2ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层$ O8 e- e& {* z) g
(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至15ml tube,细胞计数,160g离心5min
$ \7 I3 Q4 T R* b) y& l8 j(5) 弃上清,用ES重新悬浮细胞至2×106 cells per ml9 x) g" g( _9 C4 H( Y- O$ F2 y
(6) Prepare 2×freezing medium (20% DMSO in ES medium) and 小份分装(每小瓶0.5 ml)/ ` h6 U) ?9 Z9 t0 a2 f
(7) 加0.5ml细胞悬浮液到freeze vials(冻存小瓶)中,轻轻混匀9 }5 W& y4 K. I4 i! Y2 _ }
(8) Put the vials in a cell-freezing container and keep it at –80 °overnight (TROUBLESHOOTING 3), `' {$ v. Q" J. i$ v+ Q; G K
PAUSE POINT
2 H8 |: p, {" |8 Y/ O+ YFor long-term storage, keep frozen cells in the gas phase of a liquid nitrogen tank.
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