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本帖最后由 细胞海洋 于 2014-10-24 09:51 编辑
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在此省略实验试剂和仪器设备步骤. u( X% c5 U2 X2 T" B; b. m
成纤维细胞的制备
2 J3 _+ A V; s- X% a' ?5 E+ R1 u1. 从鼠胚胎(A,MEF)或者鼠尾尖(B,TTF)获得成纤维细胞。一般情况下,胚胎成纤维细胞能得到更多ips colonies2 @/ o) Y' E3 {, t
A 时间:15d. T3 H3 p9 r; e/ `" x
(1) 通过断颈杀死怀孕13.5d的雌鼠,分离子宫并用PBS作简单清洗。
( O* d5 p/ U5 H8 b! U1 K/ v# ~(2) 用镊子将胚胎从胎盘和周围被膜组织中分离开来,将胚胎的头部,内脏组织和生殖腺去除8 i5 ^+ Q3 ]4 k2 k
(3) 将胚胎移至装有fresh PBS的100-mm dish中清洗,用剪刀将剩余体躯剪碎,移至装有0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo)的50-ml conical tube,37°孵育20min * B; d0 v( e9 W- ^! T1 m
(4) 另加0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo),37°孵育20min 6 A5 q7 t5 ~' t
(5) 加等量的FP medium (6 ml per embryo),反复吹打使组织充分分开
* ~: v0 b' R# R5 @4 k q) h(6) Keep the tissue/medium mixture still for 5 min at room temperature (20–25 °) 以去除杂质,将上清移至另一新的50-ml conical tube。200g离心5min,弃上清,使沉淀重新悬浮于新的介质中。
8 v/ A' ?! O) L$ p7 ^(7) 细胞计数,在FP medium中调整为1 ×106 cells per ml。通常,一个胚胎能获得约1×107个细胞。将细胞悬浮液移至 100-mm 组织培养皿 (1 ×107 cells per dish), 37 °5% CO2 下孵育 24 h (passage 1), B- h% G \* o' H+ K0 j
(8) 第二天,用PBS清洗以移除漂浮的细胞。
5 w/ J* Z' F, _$ q(9) 当细胞充分汇合时,去掉FP培养基,用PBS清洗一次,用1 ml of 0.05% trypsin and
Z: X* `4 \$ f0.53 mM EDTA 消化 5 min。脱落之后,加9 ml of FP medium并吹打使之悬浮。移至新的100-ml皿并作1:4的稀释(passage 2)。三代以内的MEFs作为ips的细胞来源,避免衰老。
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尾尖(B)时间:10d6 O4 ` F1 E: Y8 ~8 y
在此略 W4 c, _1 i2 g
解冻 SNL cells TIMING 0.5 h
, ^# e" I! b5 I- ^/ P6 N; T(1) 准备9ml的SNL medium于15ml的tube中3 @/ i+ h5 s' ?' R
(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻SNL cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞)# W% V3 B4 y0 t* F1 x
(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1)
+ t* N" n2 `2 I U3 j. w; e(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清( d A' }, Q9 K8 y/ ]8 `$ F
(5) 用10 ml of SNL medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm皿。37°,5% CO2
/ X6 w- z9 Y+ v/ c9 F' U孵育,直到达到80–90%汇合1 E0 \7 ]6 e# h/ @9 p
: {* N6 _9 y6 U5 pCRITICAL STEP 不要让细胞过度汇合,否则会影响它们作为feeder的效果。
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+ e3 a; {! Z l& M2 E4 u9 FSNL cells的传代 time:0.5h
! L3 A! `4 J8 o3 |(1) 弃培养液,用PBS清洗细胞一次
7 q ~8 l# D. b: ~! n7 Q4 w) m(2) 吸出PBS,加入0.5 ml per dish of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min# {. b5 X# `- a* }% X
(3) 加4.5 ml 的 SNL medium,吹打数次使细胞成为单层细胞9 }! Y1 |8 K7 n: P
(4) 通过加入SNL medium调整细胞悬浮液为160ml,移至gelatin-coated dishes (10 ml per 10-cm dish)。This splits the cells 1:16。37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至细胞80–90%汇合。This should happen 3–4 d after passage. x0 \! q, p! ]
% h, y# c5 h) d. ]5 KMitomycin C-inactivation of SNL cells TIMING 3 h, T v# l2 V: P6 V( \
(1) 直接加0.3ml 0.4 mg ml–1 mitomycin C solution 到the culture medium of SNL dish,swirl it briefly(短暂地),37 °, 5% CO2孵育2.25 h。The final concentration of mitomycin C will be 12 微g ml–1/ ?2 Z' ]) m, o9 E0 I* b1 g5 o
(2) 孵育后,吸出所有的mitomycin C-containing medium,用10ml的PBS清洗细胞两次。$ P7 B+ W3 Y% A
(3) 吸出PBS,加0.5 ml of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,摇晃使cover the entire surface,然后室温下静置1min
# d: x* ]4 }- c4 G( W) i(4) 加5ml SNL medium中和trypsin,反复吹打使细胞成为单层。Pool the cell suspension into a 50-ml tube ,细胞计数。Seed the cells on gelatin-coated dishes (1 × 106 cells per 100-mm tissue culture dish, or 1.5 ×105 cells per well of 6-well plate)9 {2 _: R6 y& A3 ?
(5) 细胞之间不应该有太大间隙。They should become ready for usage by the next day.
- v8 a$ H) F8 O7 J6 hPAUSE POINT
! l7 P, @; o& M2 KThe mitomycin C-treated SNL dishes 在用之前 can be left for 最多一周
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解冻 Plat-E cells TIMING 0.5 h(与解冻 SNL cells操作基本一样)& Q6 P9 K, \1 P8 W: ^2 J+ m
(1) 准备9ml的FP medium于15ml的tube中( U2 c+ o: B {: r( u
(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻Plat-E cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞); [$ j3 z! C( {8 f5 m* K
(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1)
H, E- r+ a8 y' W# ^(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清7 l* @& l; F6 Q
(5) 用10 ml of FP medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm 皿。37°5% CO2孵育
) `5 ?9 P+ T2 O- w& y& H5 F+ y; y(6) 第二天,用新的培养基(添加了1 微g ml–1的puromycin和10 微g ml–1 的blastcidin S)替换原来的培养基。继续37 °, 5% CO2 孵育直至它们 80–90% 汇合
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Plat-E cells传代 TIMING 0.5h% C+ _- w0 b. a
(1) 吸出PBS,加入4 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min。轻拍,使细胞从培养皿上分离下来,用10 ml FP medium使细胞重新悬浮,转移至15ml tube中。180g离心5min,吸出上清
5 @5 Y& ^0 M. b2 o; } L(2) 加入适当体积的FP medium,反复吹打,使细胞成为单层,Seed them to new 100-ml dishes at 1:4–1:6 dilution。细胞应该在2-3天内汇合
1 q4 A3 L5 z; E4 BDay 1: retrovirus production; Plat-E preparation TIMING 1 h' v# N) Q- ], g! W
(1) 用PBS清洗细胞,加入4 ml 的0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min: x4 f) ~- J0 P: T2 l1 |
(2) 之后,加 10 ml FP medium 到 the Plat-E dish,轻轻吹打使细胞悬浮,将细胞悬浮液移至50ml tube。FP culture medium used in this period contains neither puromycin nor blasticidin S
7 ?" V3 S2 N( z/ f(3) 180g离心5min6 m0 l6 h( h7 S0 r/ U8 i1 C/ s% f
(4) 弃上清,用手指轻拍以打散沉淀细胞,用适量的FP medium 使细胞重新悬浮
6 P$ K8 t0 x$ ~( {( E(5) 细胞计数,用FP medium将细胞浓度调整为8 ×105 cells per ml: d0 Y0 A0 w$ C+ ?0 K% {5 X
(6) Seed cells at 8 ×106 cells (10 ml) per 100-mm culture dish, and 孵育过夜at 37 °, 5% CO2
4 h8 [1 B, Y! uDay 2: retrovirus production; transfection into Plat-E cells TIMING 1 h
4 H1 s& m* u J(1) 移 0.3 ml DMEM into a 1.5-ml tube+ M# j; U! c& a7 M; {+ w! v9 Y* C
(2) 在(1)中的tube 中加入27微升的Fugene 6 transfection reagent,用手指轻拍混匀,室温下孵育5min4 T! P8 o* | H) R0 b
(3) 加入9 微克 of pMXs plasmid DNA (encoding Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc)到Fugene 6/DMEM-containing tube(drop-by-drop),用手指轻拍混匀,孵育15min
1 X( r8 b' s, e( o# O5 ~/ i0 M(4) 逐滴将DNA/Fugene 6 complex 加到 Plat-E dish中,37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜# U$ m3 y- f: _1 M$ F# G
, ?! c. Y- k; m6 Q! J关键步骤1 r) v, F( k1 ~1 g% u
Also transfect with a suitable control;we use pMXs retroviral vector GFP to monitor transfection efficiency。We routinely obtain efficiency >80%. High-efficient transfection is crucial for iPS cell induction
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Day 3: retrovirus production (continued) TIMING 0.5 h0 w1 m" d+ w$ p8 n: a, Z
吸出transfection reagent–containing medium,加入10ml新的FP培养基,return the cells to the incubator K& B& ~! _, d$ x
Preparation of fibroblasts TIMING 1 h8 w6 d6 U/ K6 E7 \) z4 x+ s5 Y
(1) 培养MEF或TTF(passage< 3)至约90%汇合in 10-cm dishes(约2×106 cells per dish)" W- h/ u! z4 E% A5 s
(2) 吸出培养基,用10ml的PBS清洗9 @* |* O$ l/ ~$ ~) R
(3) 弃PBS,加1 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,37°孵育10min
0 D8 r; ]- J7 C! F) M9 W* d(4) 加9ml培养基,使细胞悬浮且为单层,移至50ml tube中
& @0 A% I) X1 K) x+ O* K1 b(5) 细胞计数,调整细胞浓度为8×104 cells per ml。移10ml细胞悬浮液至有mitomycin C-inactivated SNL cells的100-mm dish (use puromycin-resistant feeder cells for NanogGFP-IRES-Puro)。37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜。; M1 v6 @( \6 U- q. F) ?# ~+ I
Day 4: retroviral infection TIMING 0.5 h
) M' Y ` C7 y& D" b4 M$ L(1) 用灭过的10-ml一次性注射器收集 medium from the Plat-E dish,通过 0.45-mm孔径大小的醋酸纤维素过滤器过滤,后移至15ml tube 。
% Q, C# U0 t" ~1 b" k. {! C, f(2) 加5 微升的 8 mg ml–1 polybrene solution 到 the 10-ml filtrated virus-containing medium,轻轻的反复吹打使之混匀,The final concentration of polybrene will be 4微g ml–14 Q3 e+ H4 Y, ^# \/ h/ w2 g
(3) Make a mixture of equal parts of the medium containing Oct-3/4-, Sox2-, Klf4- and c-Myc-retroviruses." D3 s( Q6 S7 T. N0 V
关键步骤! \. c0 \3 h! R( b5 @5 Q# A1 j
Retroviruses should be used freshly.不要冷冻,否则您将不会获得ips细胞。Retrovirus滴度对于ips细胞产生相当重要,The freeze/thaw step 降低病毒滴度' d- w/ D0 b8 k5 l1 m" m5 s8 ^
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(4) 从fibroblast dish中吸出medium,加入10 ml of the polybrene/virus-containing medium。37 °, 5% CO2孵育4h或者过夜2 R+ v& U( w1 e4 K) d- W3 f
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Day 5 and 6 TIMING 5 min each day
" `; O3 d3 S6 \% \% k0 |, H24或者48h之后,从fibroblast dish中吸出 medium,加入10ml新鲜PBS/ D. J$ s3 P- Z( B8 t$ h; K( X
Day 7 TIMING 5 min. z w# x2 t3 N* Y) }
弃培养基,加入10 ml ES medium,For Fbx15βgeo/βgeo selection, the medium should be supplemented with 0.3 mg ml–1 of G418
: g& ~6 a+ p) _Day 8–10 TIMING 5 min each day! v7 y* C2 D4 e& T7 `6 g* Z3 v% r6 V
每天更换培养基(分别在24,48,72h后)5 f( a1 P; u7 I; A$ q: U9 J
Day 11 TIMING 5 min9 w# A5 y( u" q7 g" i% V; ^, V h
For NanogGFP-IRES-Puro selection, add puromycin to the medium at the final concentration of 1.5 mg ml–1( ^# n2 u1 b, Z
Day 12 TIMING 约5 min each day
4 ~* ?8 W0 o" H$ H) s每天换液,直至colony becomes big enough to be picked up. Colonies should first become visible approximately 病毒转染1周后. They should become large enough to be picked up around day 20(TROUBLESHOOTING 1)
; c( |: G- s1 m# a3 \5 H7 g3 |Counting the colonies: 结晶紫染色 TIMING 1 d
/ F( x) r! N T, e(1) colonies收集后,完全吸出PBS,加入5ml甲醇固定剩余细胞,室温下孵育1min
8 {) v2 ]2 `( G( J9 U; m l(2) Wash the dishes twice with water.
T7 n: B! R4 a* M' C; V(3) 加 5 ml 0.1% 结晶紫溶液到皿中,室温下孵育5min
! k3 z. A0 d( V) L; }, w6 d5 l' U! v(4) Wash the dishes with water
5 y2 G3 b9 b7 ?6 b; p, j8 n1 q(5) Photograph the dishes and count the number of colonies." I0 e; y+ A* @. U: s4 A
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Expansion of iPS cells TIMING 1 h
! B8 y4 v* p$ E) X(1) 弃培养基,用1ml PBS清洗细胞
; D/ A% i5 `& L) S& O. s8 h8 @(2) 彻底remove PBS,加 0.1 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min
- t% a! g. [7 J( G. o r(3) 加0.4 ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层: N; j: h+ Q7 m
(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至 a well of 6-well plate,加1.5 ml ES medium,37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至达到80–90%汇合in 6-well plates。At this point, prepare frozen stock of the cells, as follows(TROUBLESHOOTING 2)' v/ h( V/ X% S( F
Preparation of freeze stock TIMING 1 h2 u6 F. b( x8 m
(1) 弃培养基,用2ml PBS清洗
0 h$ N, C! o N3 J(2) 彻底remove PBS,加入0.3 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min1 k1 n0 x1 `7 s/ x$ i
(3) 加2ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层1 c' i n) y& J
(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至15ml tube,细胞计数,160g离心5min9 K! Z* C7 {4 P' ^+ E
(5) 弃上清,用ES重新悬浮细胞至2×106 cells per ml
- W, r) U5 U; f* C4 \" z(6) Prepare 2×freezing medium (20% DMSO in ES medium) and 小份分装(每小瓶0.5 ml)" I5 s T0 \3 q- U/ F' f# {; c
(7) 加0.5ml细胞悬浮液到freeze vials(冻存小瓶)中,轻轻混匀2 Q% `8 M- U1 X. F" i
(8) Put the vials in a cell-freezing container and keep it at –80 °overnight (TROUBLESHOOTING 3)
2 J6 H1 \" r' U! c3 x7 s* u: ^! FPAUSE POINT
7 I+ W! I/ Z0 b6 R w8 R0 a ZFor long-term storage, keep frozen cells in the gas phase of a liquid nitrogen tank.5 z: U0 |& _' G) U; {! n. m* |
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