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本帖最后由 细胞海洋 于 2014-10-24 09:51 编辑 . u0 y8 L. {2 z8 s, k: X
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在此省略实验试剂和仪器设备步骤
# \+ l; a+ W7 ]" @0 _" X成纤维细胞的制备
5 Y3 P. Y% [1 s3 ~( ?1. 从鼠胚胎(A,MEF)或者鼠尾尖(B,TTF)获得成纤维细胞。一般情况下,胚胎成纤维细胞能得到更多ips colonies& ?1 b2 f9 v- Z. F
A 时间:15d
. I k6 x. T+ _. c- C(1) 通过断颈杀死怀孕13.5d的雌鼠,分离子宫并用PBS作简单清洗。 @4 n) R6 t8 r$ W5 I( {' r2 C
(2) 用镊子将胚胎从胎盘和周围被膜组织中分离开来,将胚胎的头部,内脏组织和生殖腺去除
$ k3 B7 r! m1 H! |6 F, I' R: I s! X(3) 将胚胎移至装有fresh PBS的100-mm dish中清洗,用剪刀将剩余体躯剪碎,移至装有0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo)的50-ml conical tube,37°孵育20min
( H5 D' d2 @; e& X(4) 另加0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo),37°孵育20min
& @6 o5 P9 _2 |# E G(5) 加等量的FP medium (6 ml per embryo),反复吹打使组织充分分开
- p; \) H1 y/ y3 r(6) Keep the tissue/medium mixture still for 5 min at room temperature (20–25 °) 以去除杂质,将上清移至另一新的50-ml conical tube。200g离心5min,弃上清,使沉淀重新悬浮于新的介质中。
, [& A- C- [7 L5 \1 C: M(7) 细胞计数,在FP medium中调整为1 ×106 cells per ml。通常,一个胚胎能获得约1×107个细胞。将细胞悬浮液移至 100-mm 组织培养皿 (1 ×107 cells per dish), 37 °5% CO2 下孵育 24 h (passage 1)
1 r; u* v/ j3 A1 s: L(8) 第二天,用PBS清洗以移除漂浮的细胞。
, T" w+ e5 Q8 h) m' N8 z: ~(9) 当细胞充分汇合时,去掉FP培养基,用PBS清洗一次,用1 ml of 0.05% trypsin and9 s- V2 s1 V" p% g: X9 U6 ?
0.53 mM EDTA 消化 5 min。脱落之后,加9 ml of FP medium并吹打使之悬浮。移至新的100-ml皿并作1:4的稀释(passage 2)。三代以内的MEFs作为ips的细胞来源,避免衰老。& R4 g0 o0 @7 |. y
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尾尖(B)时间:10d* Y( f4 u$ w) j, y4 K# w" J* ?
在此略
& ^ Y4 O. l9 p! ]2 w0 @解冻 SNL cells TIMING 0.5 h
6 s, O5 h9 N4 k7 K% a7 G5 C" F(1) 准备9ml的SNL medium于15ml的tube中
$ Y, C! u9 e6 n i* F(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻SNL cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞)* a; i" G- }6 c; y3 l
(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1)
3 [/ n; d3 u: X5 Y( P(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清
) `$ l6 [8 F- G(5) 用10 ml of SNL medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm皿。37°,5% CO2+ ]' `% W2 J8 `/ X1 X: z
孵育,直到达到80–90%汇合
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CRITICAL STEP 不要让细胞过度汇合,否则会影响它们作为feeder的效果。" x0 l+ v. c6 ^( K( W
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SNL cells的传代 time:0.5h6 M- I; W* \7 I6 S
(1) 弃培养液,用PBS清洗细胞一次
1 M$ h) V" b# g4 A( k: Z* C/ G(2) 吸出PBS,加入0.5 ml per dish of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min# t# A, b+ L; D" a# K, d) U* J, @! i
(3) 加4.5 ml 的 SNL medium,吹打数次使细胞成为单层细胞! @( ?3 B, N3 ]5 r9 i5 F# ]
(4) 通过加入SNL medium调整细胞悬浮液为160ml,移至gelatin-coated dishes (10 ml per 10-cm dish)。This splits the cells 1:16。37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至细胞80–90%汇合。This should happen 3–4 d after passage5 k3 h0 E' R/ ~
5 r6 t6 s% w9 |% NMitomycin C-inactivation of SNL cells TIMING 3 h
" v! ]% v0 ]4 K6 P2 v& m# z(1) 直接加0.3ml 0.4 mg ml–1 mitomycin C solution 到the culture medium of SNL dish,swirl it briefly(短暂地),37 °, 5% CO2孵育2.25 h。The final concentration of mitomycin C will be 12 微g ml–1 C5 F7 \- o$ H) _/ \1 O. ^
(2) 孵育后,吸出所有的mitomycin C-containing medium,用10ml的PBS清洗细胞两次。0 G( C3 L' X9 \
(3) 吸出PBS,加0.5 ml of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,摇晃使cover the entire surface,然后室温下静置1min' z+ g& U9 `1 F* V, h7 Z
(4) 加5ml SNL medium中和trypsin,反复吹打使细胞成为单层。Pool the cell suspension into a 50-ml tube ,细胞计数。Seed the cells on gelatin-coated dishes (1 × 106 cells per 100-mm tissue culture dish, or 1.5 ×105 cells per well of 6-well plate); }7 n- J# F" u! \8 b7 j& ~2 b
(5) 细胞之间不应该有太大间隙。They should become ready for usage by the next day.
F2 a8 {- z, O, P' f: c. D, QPAUSE POINT
2 l# e2 p# `5 m* D8 J! AThe mitomycin C-treated SNL dishes 在用之前 can be left for 最多一周1 B& n T$ P# x# O. w
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解冻 Plat-E cells TIMING 0.5 h(与解冻 SNL cells操作基本一样)
( p9 |: b5 G9 ? g( C2 l(1) 准备9ml的FP medium于15ml的tube中. O P2 A, ?0 Q0 b
(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻Plat-E cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞)4 o K9 I! o, f: Z% c$ ]/ N
(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1)' Y" ?' x+ S+ n
(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清
* @8 a' T& N4 D( a5 ?2 A( q" \(5) 用10 ml of FP medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm 皿。37°5% CO2孵育# X+ F3 t+ w$ y k
(6) 第二天,用新的培养基(添加了1 微g ml–1的puromycin和10 微g ml–1 的blastcidin S)替换原来的培养基。继续37 °, 5% CO2 孵育直至它们 80–90% 汇合# ?) k. W: c7 C" c' ]- @
8 z/ }: b' v8 q5 v. b- HPlat-E cells传代 TIMING 0.5h
! ^& R# R% q1 @ ^/ E(1) 吸出PBS,加入4 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min。轻拍,使细胞从培养皿上分离下来,用10 ml FP medium使细胞重新悬浮,转移至15ml tube中。180g离心5min,吸出上清
0 @$ t$ a! x3 n& |5 S+ T, H9 d# i(2) 加入适当体积的FP medium,反复吹打,使细胞成为单层,Seed them to new 100-ml dishes at 1:4–1:6 dilution。细胞应该在2-3天内汇合, _4 p+ B# |% n* F1 i
Day 1: retrovirus production; Plat-E preparation TIMING 1 h
7 d7 G: |7 ^; A8 ?# R(1) 用PBS清洗细胞,加入4 ml 的0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min% L. G+ ]3 `. b& r8 l' t& k
(2) 之后,加 10 ml FP medium 到 the Plat-E dish,轻轻吹打使细胞悬浮,将细胞悬浮液移至50ml tube。FP culture medium used in this period contains neither puromycin nor blasticidin S
{; ~0 ]3 R. g* l(3) 180g离心5min
/ c/ C' w% u" |! k. Z/ e4 L(4) 弃上清,用手指轻拍以打散沉淀细胞,用适量的FP medium 使细胞重新悬浮: |* v) T' H' i e$ ~# C' s
(5) 细胞计数,用FP medium将细胞浓度调整为8 ×105 cells per ml) F3 {+ d* W( t' w( D" z K& k* M1 l" G9 i
(6) Seed cells at 8 ×106 cells (10 ml) per 100-mm culture dish, and 孵育过夜at 37 °, 5% CO2' g8 H% M$ D! ~6 h" A$ w
Day 2: retrovirus production; transfection into Plat-E cells TIMING 1 h" d. J* I! z4 `7 K5 Z- H( l
(1) 移 0.3 ml DMEM into a 1.5-ml tube5 C( U" c3 a3 d" j, O. [- t
(2) 在(1)中的tube 中加入27微升的Fugene 6 transfection reagent,用手指轻拍混匀,室温下孵育5min
1 |- x; N# F/ I) e% m/ v) N+ r(3) 加入9 微克 of pMXs plasmid DNA (encoding Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc)到Fugene 6/DMEM-containing tube(drop-by-drop),用手指轻拍混匀,孵育15min
' Q% N2 j7 L! ~(4) 逐滴将DNA/Fugene 6 complex 加到 Plat-E dish中,37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜" A5 J; j# R3 X, C3 L- q8 H
0 N7 m5 S" V8 x1 a$ y3 e! K ]% P关键步骤
% s6 f1 n3 e( U- G, v/ A' x2 cAlso transfect with a suitable control;we use pMXs retroviral vector GFP to monitor transfection efficiency。We routinely obtain efficiency >80%. High-efficient transfection is crucial for iPS cell induction
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" ]. ?, Y# a6 N/ \4 VDay 3: retrovirus production (continued) TIMING 0.5 h
4 }! y. _$ c% h# M5 F吸出transfection reagent–containing medium,加入10ml新的FP培养基,return the cells to the incubator
# j0 l8 v& V( O& nPreparation of fibroblasts TIMING 1 h- R2 {$ U7 s5 x8 }' d: A8 z& M5 ^( ]7 r/ c
(1) 培养MEF或TTF(passage< 3)至约90%汇合in 10-cm dishes(约2×106 cells per dish)& y4 z7 \& L7 F" G" |1 z
(2) 吸出培养基,用10ml的PBS清洗& A" t& I: ], J0 F, D* G/ E( O
(3) 弃PBS,加1 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,37°孵育10min
: |, O2 R( P# }. @; s(4) 加9ml培养基,使细胞悬浮且为单层,移至50ml tube中
9 A, v! N7 D: c; u" O& n3 _, }+ E(5) 细胞计数,调整细胞浓度为8×104 cells per ml。移10ml细胞悬浮液至有mitomycin C-inactivated SNL cells的100-mm dish (use puromycin-resistant feeder cells for NanogGFP-IRES-Puro)。37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜。+ P+ S( L! H6 A4 m* z
Day 4: retroviral infection TIMING 0.5 h
3 F, P" ~) J. t S( x9 p: A(1) 用灭过的10-ml一次性注射器收集 medium from the Plat-E dish,通过 0.45-mm孔径大小的醋酸纤维素过滤器过滤,后移至15ml tube 。8 O5 X4 n" g! e5 G! p7 ~) ]
(2) 加5 微升的 8 mg ml–1 polybrene solution 到 the 10-ml filtrated virus-containing medium,轻轻的反复吹打使之混匀,The final concentration of polybrene will be 4微g ml–1
; t8 y: Q) A- g(3) Make a mixture of equal parts of the medium containing Oct-3/4-, Sox2-, Klf4- and c-Myc-retroviruses.
- e$ r# L, i( i* V% b关键步骤) Y$ Z' }5 I. r! ~) i4 d$ Z; x( @
Retroviruses should be used freshly.不要冷冻,否则您将不会获得ips细胞。Retrovirus滴度对于ips细胞产生相当重要,The freeze/thaw step 降低病毒滴度: c; @2 [2 d) ~* P; K1 f
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(4) 从fibroblast dish中吸出medium,加入10 ml of the polybrene/virus-containing medium。37 °, 5% CO2孵育4h或者过夜
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; m9 A9 I5 h& I7 r& rDay 5 and 6 TIMING 5 min each day% p6 r( c( t9 ^2 b3 E8 V
24或者48h之后,从fibroblast dish中吸出 medium,加入10ml新鲜PBS7 p8 |& O% U$ U; O& ~( @6 ], g
Day 7 TIMING 5 min, s. W3 S6 C9 g
弃培养基,加入10 ml ES medium,For Fbx15βgeo/βgeo selection, the medium should be supplemented with 0.3 mg ml–1 of G418( a* y6 a9 I5 ?. n9 e
Day 8–10 TIMING 5 min each day
* U* g& z8 N! `& U1 q7 z/ S每天更换培养基(分别在24,48,72h后)
, X7 H$ o$ g$ W% |7 |/ qDay 11 TIMING 5 min
) F+ |' M7 `8 l For NanogGFP-IRES-Puro selection, add puromycin to the medium at the final concentration of 1.5 mg ml–10 q7 }- D1 y4 |$ o6 M# A* D0 t
Day 12 TIMING 约5 min each day
; a: d0 n" R$ i* D$ l# g, p; e每天换液,直至colony becomes big enough to be picked up. Colonies should first become visible approximately 病毒转染1周后. They should become large enough to be picked up around day 20(TROUBLESHOOTING 1). J0 A8 \/ r3 Z& u8 r8 ]% w7 ~
Counting the colonies: 结晶紫染色 TIMING 1 d
7 n# Q& u$ Q6 x(1) colonies收集后,完全吸出PBS,加入5ml甲醇固定剩余细胞,室温下孵育1min4 E/ L. Q1 {3 E: C) w4 k, v
(2) Wash the dishes twice with water.
* ]! ?0 O2 Y" {# j(3) 加 5 ml 0.1% 结晶紫溶液到皿中,室温下孵育5min
2 j. O9 j W) X, ^9 ~0 T(4) Wash the dishes with water, l& Q- w$ o# G# A, v$ d
(5) Photograph the dishes and count the number of colonies.: }% d' B" D$ x. W/ E
o8 W3 [" t8 T- ?4 H6 `# CExpansion of iPS cells TIMING 1 h
% `9 r3 j F/ ~8 C1 k7 s(1) 弃培养基,用1ml PBS清洗细胞* ?: v/ H# J M" R" J p3 ?
(2) 彻底remove PBS,加 0.1 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min
- [9 L/ e) B, m: ]% I(3) 加0.4 ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层
5 E: s; \: C* d! r4 ~( G2 u3 x(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至 a well of 6-well plate,加1.5 ml ES medium,37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至达到80–90%汇合in 6-well plates。At this point, prepare frozen stock of the cells, as follows(TROUBLESHOOTING 2)$ V# [6 g( k! N3 z* h" |$ l# n7 L
Preparation of freeze stock TIMING 1 h
5 V/ ?3 J) ^7 Z/ y6 d& {' ]0 ~. A; L(1) 弃培养基,用2ml PBS清洗
0 I' k4 G+ f( _7 }# [& G- Q1 a(2) 彻底remove PBS,加入0.3 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min, G5 J, Y5 B. ?
(3) 加2ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层0 m i2 M% [, Y: {
(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至15ml tube,细胞计数,160g离心5min
0 {) d$ d% x& d, X2 o(5) 弃上清,用ES重新悬浮细胞至2×106 cells per ml% T( l: x, P4 }8 a5 S
(6) Prepare 2×freezing medium (20% DMSO in ES medium) and 小份分装(每小瓶0.5 ml)
7 l5 A8 Q, l# ]" q(7) 加0.5ml细胞悬浮液到freeze vials(冻存小瓶)中,轻轻混匀
3 ~9 a I* Z1 B$ e. f ` L(8) Put the vials in a cell-freezing container and keep it at –80 °overnight (TROUBLESHOOTING 3)% Q5 l7 }5 T% q" ?
PAUSE POINT/ E& V8 |. Q b+ l4 |+ Q+ W2 n
For long-term storage, keep frozen cells in the gas phase of a liquid nitrogen tank.
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