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本帖最后由 细胞海洋 于 2014-10-24 09:51 编辑 , f0 ]1 a6 |2 T2 X/ N9 q
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在此省略实验试剂和仪器设备步骤' @7 B) I+ p. D3 c. O
成纤维细胞的制备) _, a, k: P. W! F6 E9 v( {3 q* e
1. 从鼠胚胎(A,MEF)或者鼠尾尖(B,TTF)获得成纤维细胞。一般情况下,胚胎成纤维细胞能得到更多ips colonies* Q: s5 P( d" r3 g' ^
A 时间:15d
* G" b. G* P: N, @! k(1) 通过断颈杀死怀孕13.5d的雌鼠,分离子宫并用PBS作简单清洗。
& w B% r: z- @+ G3 s% E+ G7 j; A(2) 用镊子将胚胎从胎盘和周围被膜组织中分离开来,将胚胎的头部,内脏组织和生殖腺去除
, j8 H6 f" |; X0 ^; u ^/ @! e(3) 将胚胎移至装有fresh PBS的100-mm dish中清洗,用剪刀将剩余体躯剪碎,移至装有0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo)的50-ml conical tube,37°孵育20min 3 h( w3 ?! t1 e" ^# Z' M% e, J
(4) 另加0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo),37°孵育20min
0 x4 D# q) t" D# i* t5 |! n(5) 加等量的FP medium (6 ml per embryo),反复吹打使组织充分分开
4 @( N) W4 N+ P/ a# k! i& h: h(6) Keep the tissue/medium mixture still for 5 min at room temperature (20–25 °) 以去除杂质,将上清移至另一新的50-ml conical tube。200g离心5min,弃上清,使沉淀重新悬浮于新的介质中。
- E$ {& Q$ `, j# h2 F(7) 细胞计数,在FP medium中调整为1 ×106 cells per ml。通常,一个胚胎能获得约1×107个细胞。将细胞悬浮液移至 100-mm 组织培养皿 (1 ×107 cells per dish), 37 °5% CO2 下孵育 24 h (passage 1)5 e: @2 p* x- k4 m1 C
(8) 第二天,用PBS清洗以移除漂浮的细胞。* P( h+ N" J8 A; v
(9) 当细胞充分汇合时,去掉FP培养基,用PBS清洗一次,用1 ml of 0.05% trypsin and
" Y9 ^0 L4 l0 C" z/ T0 P- Z0.53 mM EDTA 消化 5 min。脱落之后,加9 ml of FP medium并吹打使之悬浮。移至新的100-ml皿并作1:4的稀释(passage 2)。三代以内的MEFs作为ips的细胞来源,避免衰老。* ?+ Q4 W: T: w. s
' A9 {: i. T0 K% ~# g尾尖(B)时间:10d
7 _5 L: o! c8 r7 v0 z. I4 ]在此略9 S" u% k Y& [; G% t* G
解冻 SNL cells TIMING 0.5 h
' y/ L9 x& [) t2 ?(1) 准备9ml的SNL medium于15ml的tube中0 X$ I" b* e, k- O( @7 N- u3 E7 }
(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻SNL cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞)0 ]. q: t% G) H/ B9 s' r" C/ k
(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1)
- ^8 C' B9 Y, `1 P(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清
1 p/ W. E0 E( D0 x. d c(5) 用10 ml of SNL medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm皿。37°,5% CO2" U: o, e! a& n: w8 k, q, c
孵育,直到达到80–90%汇合9 s1 N1 `# b8 G- P
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CRITICAL STEP 不要让细胞过度汇合,否则会影响它们作为feeder的效果。
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SNL cells的传代 time:0.5h# E; t$ m; r: M o
(1) 弃培养液,用PBS清洗细胞一次
; L7 _. s C+ d" }' j, i* @+ T2 n(2) 吸出PBS,加入0.5 ml per dish of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min
1 t9 T/ c. _; ^ O(3) 加4.5 ml 的 SNL medium,吹打数次使细胞成为单层细胞
% ~7 P8 w! Z. `& y0 D(4) 通过加入SNL medium调整细胞悬浮液为160ml,移至gelatin-coated dishes (10 ml per 10-cm dish)。This splits the cells 1:16。37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至细胞80–90%汇合。This should happen 3–4 d after passage7 {# T. R7 ~/ u6 E4 E9 l" N% d
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Mitomycin C-inactivation of SNL cells TIMING 3 h
; C, {" u( i/ B$ e(1) 直接加0.3ml 0.4 mg ml–1 mitomycin C solution 到the culture medium of SNL dish,swirl it briefly(短暂地),37 °, 5% CO2孵育2.25 h。The final concentration of mitomycin C will be 12 微g ml–1
9 f4 m. b$ P# v* ~' p3 } Z(2) 孵育后,吸出所有的mitomycin C-containing medium,用10ml的PBS清洗细胞两次。
* G* w p6 {0 _(3) 吸出PBS,加0.5 ml of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,摇晃使cover the entire surface,然后室温下静置1min- U6 ?2 T, }" S& c- P# u9 o
(4) 加5ml SNL medium中和trypsin,反复吹打使细胞成为单层。Pool the cell suspension into a 50-ml tube ,细胞计数。Seed the cells on gelatin-coated dishes (1 × 106 cells per 100-mm tissue culture dish, or 1.5 ×105 cells per well of 6-well plate)
! L- M/ B$ a7 I* L2 {(5) 细胞之间不应该有太大间隙。They should become ready for usage by the next day.. o5 h) n, C* e0 m. f
PAUSE POINT) l! f- D# z* S7 W9 F
The mitomycin C-treated SNL dishes 在用之前 can be left for 最多一周
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9 I* x: k& F; `$ O解冻 Plat-E cells TIMING 0.5 h(与解冻 SNL cells操作基本一样)7 s: n A1 b, |& u% F$ F$ V
(1) 准备9ml的FP medium于15ml的tube中
+ w1 ^2 }$ C g" Q! Q6 n% ^1 U5 k(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻Plat-E cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞)
& `5 s$ ]# S. r: W5 ^) J1 _(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1). @5 v8 A5 l1 a+ Y
(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清
% F1 V+ V) ?/ p) N- M i# [(5) 用10 ml of FP medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm 皿。37°5% CO2孵育
6 b/ g$ F8 |. S$ F4 F! t, U(6) 第二天,用新的培养基(添加了1 微g ml–1的puromycin和10 微g ml–1 的blastcidin S)替换原来的培养基。继续37 °, 5% CO2 孵育直至它们 80–90% 汇合
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Plat-E cells传代 TIMING 0.5h6 _+ F4 v$ \+ P9 I% N* t
(1) 吸出PBS,加入4 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min。轻拍,使细胞从培养皿上分离下来,用10 ml FP medium使细胞重新悬浮,转移至15ml tube中。180g离心5min,吸出上清* X+ I) Q, G0 F3 ^6 p
(2) 加入适当体积的FP medium,反复吹打,使细胞成为单层,Seed them to new 100-ml dishes at 1:4–1:6 dilution。细胞应该在2-3天内汇合6 B, t$ u. ?( P4 C, ~
Day 1: retrovirus production; Plat-E preparation TIMING 1 h
* l" ]$ C8 e1 w, @3 J* [9 B(1) 用PBS清洗细胞,加入4 ml 的0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min+ K v$ V& C: X) q! d
(2) 之后,加 10 ml FP medium 到 the Plat-E dish,轻轻吹打使细胞悬浮,将细胞悬浮液移至50ml tube。FP culture medium used in this period contains neither puromycin nor blasticidin S
1 I6 c+ U: M8 G& R1 m7 W/ M K(3) 180g离心5min
# L% W/ w7 a k2 e8 r+ ~" H(4) 弃上清,用手指轻拍以打散沉淀细胞,用适量的FP medium 使细胞重新悬浮, h* V3 d0 |+ ~5 I( e r
(5) 细胞计数,用FP medium将细胞浓度调整为8 ×105 cells per ml
3 {) U" U- B2 q) x9 o(6) Seed cells at 8 ×106 cells (10 ml) per 100-mm culture dish, and 孵育过夜at 37 °, 5% CO2
2 d# c/ C }8 k" i1 XDay 2: retrovirus production; transfection into Plat-E cells TIMING 1 h- U8 a/ E1 J# K- I* O3 o6 r
(1) 移 0.3 ml DMEM into a 1.5-ml tube
' w; } ~7 w+ F(2) 在(1)中的tube 中加入27微升的Fugene 6 transfection reagent,用手指轻拍混匀,室温下孵育5min1 |4 M' Q: x/ o- g' c0 f
(3) 加入9 微克 of pMXs plasmid DNA (encoding Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc)到Fugene 6/DMEM-containing tube(drop-by-drop),用手指轻拍混匀,孵育15min
- U; _' X4 ~2 y(4) 逐滴将DNA/Fugene 6 complex 加到 Plat-E dish中,37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜
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关键步骤! L5 R3 c* B; m1 k) O; m
Also transfect with a suitable control;we use pMXs retroviral vector GFP to monitor transfection efficiency。We routinely obtain efficiency >80%. High-efficient transfection is crucial for iPS cell induction$ }$ v- O4 o& b
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Day 3: retrovirus production (continued) TIMING 0.5 h
* S* \- T" L+ [吸出transfection reagent–containing medium,加入10ml新的FP培养基,return the cells to the incubator5 I* m! q7 ?6 Y3 u
Preparation of fibroblasts TIMING 1 h7 \& E3 f) Z3 o A# \5 ?; ?, \
(1) 培养MEF或TTF(passage< 3)至约90%汇合in 10-cm dishes(约2×106 cells per dish)
8 Y: w* e% D( h(2) 吸出培养基,用10ml的PBS清洗" b; K# m4 O" }) E
(3) 弃PBS,加1 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,37°孵育10min
+ F/ {( R5 f& E' Z(4) 加9ml培养基,使细胞悬浮且为单层,移至50ml tube中
8 ]/ j# c) w d) ?& M9 F' ]1 ](5) 细胞计数,调整细胞浓度为8×104 cells per ml。移10ml细胞悬浮液至有mitomycin C-inactivated SNL cells的100-mm dish (use puromycin-resistant feeder cells for NanogGFP-IRES-Puro)。37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜。5 F/ n) P- K: B
Day 4: retroviral infection TIMING 0.5 h
' L, ?5 N- s. ]( [, |; v(1) 用灭过的10-ml一次性注射器收集 medium from the Plat-E dish,通过 0.45-mm孔径大小的醋酸纤维素过滤器过滤,后移至15ml tube 。* p5 }/ _) m' ^! J- j2 A1 q
(2) 加5 微升的 8 mg ml–1 polybrene solution 到 the 10-ml filtrated virus-containing medium,轻轻的反复吹打使之混匀,The final concentration of polybrene will be 4微g ml–1
4 C( r, N, P9 Q$ {( ]6 i# j- L% ^8 Q& @(3) Make a mixture of equal parts of the medium containing Oct-3/4-, Sox2-, Klf4- and c-Myc-retroviruses.0 t' ?, H$ q! ` g
关键步骤
7 O, d8 \" b @0 C2 PRetroviruses should be used freshly.不要冷冻,否则您将不会获得ips细胞。Retrovirus滴度对于ips细胞产生相当重要,The freeze/thaw step 降低病毒滴度
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(4) 从fibroblast dish中吸出medium,加入10 ml of the polybrene/virus-containing medium。37 °, 5% CO2孵育4h或者过夜
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) F1 v& O: S; R; iDay 5 and 6 TIMING 5 min each day4 T8 e) Z+ L: Q, }4 d6 o
24或者48h之后,从fibroblast dish中吸出 medium,加入10ml新鲜PBS
. R: N- D# J( C& h. BDay 7 TIMING 5 min
5 _0 m6 A6 m" Q! o1 L' H5 n弃培养基,加入10 ml ES medium,For Fbx15βgeo/βgeo selection, the medium should be supplemented with 0.3 mg ml–1 of G418
9 m0 z. W9 G6 [& IDay 8–10 TIMING 5 min each day
. I3 G/ |- V0 R! l* U& f2 d0 b每天更换培养基(分别在24,48,72h后): H. U: Q8 H% W7 i
Day 11 TIMING 5 min/ T% U0 v! |) Z. J
For NanogGFP-IRES-Puro selection, add puromycin to the medium at the final concentration of 1.5 mg ml–1
( M& H. O; h( h$ yDay 12 TIMING 约5 min each day8 U# s# Z @0 T; ~2 _* E
每天换液,直至colony becomes big enough to be picked up. Colonies should first become visible approximately 病毒转染1周后. They should become large enough to be picked up around day 20(TROUBLESHOOTING 1)
9 u$ A. L3 I7 X+ WCounting the colonies: 结晶紫染色 TIMING 1 d
2 }0 L+ i' d6 d2 G2 H(1) colonies收集后,完全吸出PBS,加入5ml甲醇固定剩余细胞,室温下孵育1min7 b+ v) \( r) { m
(2) Wash the dishes twice with water.# B' o* u, G) \. J
(3) 加 5 ml 0.1% 结晶紫溶液到皿中,室温下孵育5min9 H7 J- Q$ A: t7 P0 c
(4) Wash the dishes with water% a4 d1 i9 f- j( B6 A
(5) Photograph the dishes and count the number of colonies.+ X2 m# j% b; E, w
& K! K! y4 }' N) ]( o0 e/ A/ U: vExpansion of iPS cells TIMING 1 h! g3 T m2 y- l8 y! J
(1) 弃培养基,用1ml PBS清洗细胞! L5 O8 V& `; p
(2) 彻底remove PBS,加 0.1 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min; Q2 @+ X: j" v( g3 v
(3) 加0.4 ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层
* Q5 Q' o Z2 I' S" y% m1 u(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至 a well of 6-well plate,加1.5 ml ES medium,37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至达到80–90%汇合in 6-well plates。At this point, prepare frozen stock of the cells, as follows(TROUBLESHOOTING 2)' ^4 N7 e. s7 T: Z4 w
Preparation of freeze stock TIMING 1 h
# N; f6 i. q, E/ R6 s/ G/ Z) _(1) 弃培养基,用2ml PBS清洗
% D5 ?/ w9 p1 t- R6 O/ P4 [7 r(2) 彻底remove PBS,加入0.3 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min- y# T# ?% ~% B G/ X: j W
(3) 加2ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层8 q Q& b: h6 p" R# p
(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至15ml tube,细胞计数,160g离心5min
* i' o0 F; h+ T0 R8 m(5) 弃上清,用ES重新悬浮细胞至2×106 cells per ml
+ n7 ?$ U/ ~2 L2 {% M& h8 O(6) Prepare 2×freezing medium (20% DMSO in ES medium) and 小份分装(每小瓶0.5 ml)$ q+ D; l, P, t
(7) 加0.5ml细胞悬浮液到freeze vials(冻存小瓶)中,轻轻混匀9 Z+ w) }. A; C% Q% |
(8) Put the vials in a cell-freezing container and keep it at –80 °overnight (TROUBLESHOOTING 3)
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For long-term storage, keep frozen cells in the gas phase of a liquid nitrogen tank.
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