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本帖最后由 细胞海洋 于 2014-10-24 09:51 编辑 # L, {. { b2 {" m
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在此省略实验试剂和仪器设备步骤4 F5 G( @) r: |8 y# x. L m$ K
成纤维细胞的制备
6 h9 q9 Y3 l3 x+ i4 o& C1 H1. 从鼠胚胎(A,MEF)或者鼠尾尖(B,TTF)获得成纤维细胞。一般情况下,胚胎成纤维细胞能得到更多ips colonies
" L3 ^" v" t% |5 @A 时间:15d
2 ^1 c/ O, {' ]- J1 Y(1) 通过断颈杀死怀孕13.5d的雌鼠,分离子宫并用PBS作简单清洗。
|* S5 J( x3 [% y( ]" h2 X' S(2) 用镊子将胚胎从胎盘和周围被膜组织中分离开来,将胚胎的头部,内脏组织和生殖腺去除1 Q) q1 d9 L2 Q4 j: }1 K) D8 m
(3) 将胚胎移至装有fresh PBS的100-mm dish中清洗,用剪刀将剩余体躯剪碎,移至装有0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo)的50-ml conical tube,37°孵育20min
" X3 `( w2 l/ a% i0 c, y# c(4) 另加0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo),37°孵育20min 0 o8 z5 R2 B2 H. \# e G6 x3 j% t
(5) 加等量的FP medium (6 ml per embryo),反复吹打使组织充分分开6 S8 S- L6 ?* B- y
(6) Keep the tissue/medium mixture still for 5 min at room temperature (20–25 °) 以去除杂质,将上清移至另一新的50-ml conical tube。200g离心5min,弃上清,使沉淀重新悬浮于新的介质中。( t/ m: d. c9 E+ A" ~3 u) a+ ~* Q
(7) 细胞计数,在FP medium中调整为1 ×106 cells per ml。通常,一个胚胎能获得约1×107个细胞。将细胞悬浮液移至 100-mm 组织培养皿 (1 ×107 cells per dish), 37 °5% CO2 下孵育 24 h (passage 1)
, k2 ~; s( E# y# A& M(8) 第二天,用PBS清洗以移除漂浮的细胞。! U3 Q5 X% }, d! S6 i
(9) 当细胞充分汇合时,去掉FP培养基,用PBS清洗一次,用1 ml of 0.05% trypsin and% f2 K/ l3 j& P' H6 [# P
0.53 mM EDTA 消化 5 min。脱落之后,加9 ml of FP medium并吹打使之悬浮。移至新的100-ml皿并作1:4的稀释(passage 2)。三代以内的MEFs作为ips的细胞来源,避免衰老。( v; H1 n( ~1 B5 q
2 w* ^& E8 J Q; @( `7 G- z5 r2 f6 A尾尖(B)时间:10d! S) U8 x$ r& J
在此略
9 ^! ]: u' T+ j7 G1 C4 h }解冻 SNL cells TIMING 0.5 h5 ~* `5 S9 O7 [" @- {0 _1 n: ~1 ~
(1) 准备9ml的SNL medium于15ml的tube中5 |+ g& [; A. q) z) a+ n
(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻SNL cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞)7 E8 d, R6 L# c7 P/ N+ a4 U+ x* U( n
(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1)
" k, w1 \1 u. R(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清
, G% i. _& a' U8 y/ ? v(5) 用10 ml of SNL medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm皿。37°,5% CO20 ]2 M$ r5 G M
孵育,直到达到80–90%汇合/ A2 i- z8 x* J0 U3 `% t
7 q- m& q# r6 }* {' V7 R, y" tCRITICAL STEP 不要让细胞过度汇合,否则会影响它们作为feeder的效果。. U7 q( `# L( E) r
( h* f) |: X. z3 H8 aSNL cells的传代 time:0.5h4 Y0 i1 P+ ~9 w3 `3 g
(1) 弃培养液,用PBS清洗细胞一次
& b- ~& I, `( T2 d& A(2) 吸出PBS,加入0.5 ml per dish of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min/ z' C0 T; a/ p9 N1 W" J
(3) 加4.5 ml 的 SNL medium,吹打数次使细胞成为单层细胞
7 l( I( _! h T, O: ?& W j* v, u& X( y(4) 通过加入SNL medium调整细胞悬浮液为160ml,移至gelatin-coated dishes (10 ml per 10-cm dish)。This splits the cells 1:16。37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至细胞80–90%汇合。This should happen 3–4 d after passage4 D9 ?" H' d& o. _6 U$ V
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Mitomycin C-inactivation of SNL cells TIMING 3 h
: Z$ o1 `% \/ ^- |1 T(1) 直接加0.3ml 0.4 mg ml–1 mitomycin C solution 到the culture medium of SNL dish,swirl it briefly(短暂地),37 °, 5% CO2孵育2.25 h。The final concentration of mitomycin C will be 12 微g ml–1
" u- c$ ^ W. N V6 L3 x, z(2) 孵育后,吸出所有的mitomycin C-containing medium,用10ml的PBS清洗细胞两次。
~- |% G2 i5 L: a' n l(3) 吸出PBS,加0.5 ml of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,摇晃使cover the entire surface,然后室温下静置1min7 h( X! q, P5 s+ s X1 I3 \$ j, F
(4) 加5ml SNL medium中和trypsin,反复吹打使细胞成为单层。Pool the cell suspension into a 50-ml tube ,细胞计数。Seed the cells on gelatin-coated dishes (1 × 106 cells per 100-mm tissue culture dish, or 1.5 ×105 cells per well of 6-well plate)
; i' h5 h$ W; k, z+ Q$ n(5) 细胞之间不应该有太大间隙。They should become ready for usage by the next day.0 v2 X! i1 E6 W
PAUSE POINT/ K" ?+ N6 m5 a$ \
The mitomycin C-treated SNL dishes 在用之前 can be left for 最多一周
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5 ~0 t1 s; g9 v: C解冻 Plat-E cells TIMING 0.5 h(与解冻 SNL cells操作基本一样)
) }$ ?, C) _6 h$ q7 Z& I(1) 准备9ml的FP medium于15ml的tube中2 F/ {- P: R. B' q. }
(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻Plat-E cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞)
8 Z: r$ s: l; ^' }(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1)' J p9 x5 e0 g$ Y2 {1 _' @: E* d1 c7 c
(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清; @4 O$ r) T5 N7 T3 a! Y+ X+ C) M
(5) 用10 ml of FP medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm 皿。37°5% CO2孵育 x0 R) n* F8 O* ^& v7 }) R
(6) 第二天,用新的培养基(添加了1 微g ml–1的puromycin和10 微g ml–1 的blastcidin S)替换原来的培养基。继续37 °, 5% CO2 孵育直至它们 80–90% 汇合
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Plat-E cells传代 TIMING 0.5h
, S4 j5 D: h9 m# Q) h$ I( }(1) 吸出PBS,加入4 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min。轻拍,使细胞从培养皿上分离下来,用10 ml FP medium使细胞重新悬浮,转移至15ml tube中。180g离心5min,吸出上清9 k- ]7 x9 Y6 {# ~% m: d
(2) 加入适当体积的FP medium,反复吹打,使细胞成为单层,Seed them to new 100-ml dishes at 1:4–1:6 dilution。细胞应该在2-3天内汇合
" m1 E. X! P% r4 f( U: b8 VDay 1: retrovirus production; Plat-E preparation TIMING 1 h
% L* @, A: N, X# I1 I(1) 用PBS清洗细胞,加入4 ml 的0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min
- ^2 R/ e0 B1 J(2) 之后,加 10 ml FP medium 到 the Plat-E dish,轻轻吹打使细胞悬浮,将细胞悬浮液移至50ml tube。FP culture medium used in this period contains neither puromycin nor blasticidin S
8 T' u2 l8 Q5 x4 H+ b9 S(3) 180g离心5min
# Y! t3 x9 K* l$ s3 A(4) 弃上清,用手指轻拍以打散沉淀细胞,用适量的FP medium 使细胞重新悬浮
, P) @( H, T5 f% ~9 e" V(5) 细胞计数,用FP medium将细胞浓度调整为8 ×105 cells per ml- o6 O; X6 J6 X) ?% M+ Y' D
(6) Seed cells at 8 ×106 cells (10 ml) per 100-mm culture dish, and 孵育过夜at 37 °, 5% CO20 I& c1 R3 r% z- L6 \
Day 2: retrovirus production; transfection into Plat-E cells TIMING 1 h
% _6 n; s2 \) u* Z/ u' w5 X(1) 移 0.3 ml DMEM into a 1.5-ml tube2 M+ E; D2 H8 A$ \; e2 b4 v
(2) 在(1)中的tube 中加入27微升的Fugene 6 transfection reagent,用手指轻拍混匀,室温下孵育5min
3 I+ ?# O- I& p$ X+ C" E) E+ Z7 E(3) 加入9 微克 of pMXs plasmid DNA (encoding Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc)到Fugene 6/DMEM-containing tube(drop-by-drop),用手指轻拍混匀,孵育15min7 T, R: B( Y' u5 a1 e3 `
(4) 逐滴将DNA/Fugene 6 complex 加到 Plat-E dish中,37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜
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/ o7 e' U* r$ ~* N8 i- c关键步骤, g; [& g: u. Q( i; |
Also transfect with a suitable control;we use pMXs retroviral vector GFP to monitor transfection efficiency。We routinely obtain efficiency >80%. High-efficient transfection is crucial for iPS cell induction
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& I H+ B: {/ g4 ODay 3: retrovirus production (continued) TIMING 0.5 h
1 A& |1 \! B7 t( B% Q吸出transfection reagent–containing medium,加入10ml新的FP培养基,return the cells to the incubator
' F, O: r8 ^0 W# P1 nPreparation of fibroblasts TIMING 1 h
2 k3 C. p; v: n" s(1) 培养MEF或TTF(passage< 3)至约90%汇合in 10-cm dishes(约2×106 cells per dish)% B/ J# h* R% V5 Q( ]% U
(2) 吸出培养基,用10ml的PBS清洗
3 @ l* S& D" C, q* V" y5 ~(3) 弃PBS,加1 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,37°孵育10min
. q6 l, k! b2 P5 ^" ^(4) 加9ml培养基,使细胞悬浮且为单层,移至50ml tube中5 L0 P8 W' o$ f' ?, [( `
(5) 细胞计数,调整细胞浓度为8×104 cells per ml。移10ml细胞悬浮液至有mitomycin C-inactivated SNL cells的100-mm dish (use puromycin-resistant feeder cells for NanogGFP-IRES-Puro)。37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜。9 d) E- k: u) R2 H& x7 X( p# S: M
Day 4: retroviral infection TIMING 0.5 h" a1 |' r" e+ m+ k& Z& z
(1) 用灭过的10-ml一次性注射器收集 medium from the Plat-E dish,通过 0.45-mm孔径大小的醋酸纤维素过滤器过滤,后移至15ml tube 。
~) w& D3 B3 v$ G5 \, T& B# g(2) 加5 微升的 8 mg ml–1 polybrene solution 到 the 10-ml filtrated virus-containing medium,轻轻的反复吹打使之混匀,The final concentration of polybrene will be 4微g ml–1
, C* h6 n% h1 U b(3) Make a mixture of equal parts of the medium containing Oct-3/4-, Sox2-, Klf4- and c-Myc-retroviruses., @& `: F$ e1 V, z+ r _/ b. T
关键步骤
) y# g; y: o8 aRetroviruses should be used freshly.不要冷冻,否则您将不会获得ips细胞。Retrovirus滴度对于ips细胞产生相当重要,The freeze/thaw step 降低病毒滴度" s; L# Q3 W/ V$ _ O
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(4) 从fibroblast dish中吸出medium,加入10 ml of the polybrene/virus-containing medium。37 °, 5% CO2孵育4h或者过夜
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Day 5 and 6 TIMING 5 min each day. j# I9 E- W, r/ |* d
24或者48h之后,从fibroblast dish中吸出 medium,加入10ml新鲜PBS
1 Y/ P; ^; n! Y. A; _Day 7 TIMING 5 min4 i3 c) A9 F! }% T4 G4 ~: [
弃培养基,加入10 ml ES medium,For Fbx15βgeo/βgeo selection, the medium should be supplemented with 0.3 mg ml–1 of G418
* g6 }/ J! A0 G5 _0 N' MDay 8–10 TIMING 5 min each day' t; I3 c6 y- _! A1 d+ K
每天更换培养基(分别在24,48,72h后)
2 W, u; }1 q* n: J$ BDay 11 TIMING 5 min' Z# t% a1 E9 c" b2 F3 u) M
For NanogGFP-IRES-Puro selection, add puromycin to the medium at the final concentration of 1.5 mg ml–1+ d6 n; }! ^- ^: W: X
Day 12 TIMING 约5 min each day
; o! o% o5 p" S( m3 k" q# i0 q每天换液,直至colony becomes big enough to be picked up. Colonies should first become visible approximately 病毒转染1周后. They should become large enough to be picked up around day 20(TROUBLESHOOTING 1)
- v4 c. K3 g% W. A1 P- S$ ]Counting the colonies: 结晶紫染色 TIMING 1 d ^# G$ T$ b l7 d+ Z) e {
(1) colonies收集后,完全吸出PBS,加入5ml甲醇固定剩余细胞,室温下孵育1min" V5 h$ ?" K1 g q+ c5 z4 T
(2) Wash the dishes twice with water.# m7 _9 _/ z& b- o
(3) 加 5 ml 0.1% 结晶紫溶液到皿中,室温下孵育5min; f9 i! Z% b8 o& N9 H
(4) Wash the dishes with water& n; k+ }' N4 Z) I- j( S' U) L
(5) Photograph the dishes and count the number of colonies.* y* R2 `+ S6 T8 N! K) R
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Expansion of iPS cells TIMING 1 h
/ v, O1 `' j" E0 q$ x(1) 弃培养基,用1ml PBS清洗细胞
, N* M7 G( d( c9 c- t# a; D) E(2) 彻底remove PBS,加 0.1 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min
" X2 O* J; ?+ ~, ]$ ?0 o7 r(3) 加0.4 ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层
4 h6 `0 X: M9 m* E6 p b: o(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至 a well of 6-well plate,加1.5 ml ES medium,37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至达到80–90%汇合in 6-well plates。At this point, prepare frozen stock of the cells, as follows(TROUBLESHOOTING 2)9 G' A6 ^/ n* a8 u: n" A- h4 n2 L
Preparation of freeze stock TIMING 1 h& y4 Q3 ?" B* c1 C
(1) 弃培养基,用2ml PBS清洗
, y. U! ~* a/ w* S& U) R5 O6 }) e) Z$ ](2) 彻底remove PBS,加入0.3 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min
* s0 R5 {; d+ f* c8 h! s(3) 加2ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层! P: k! O' Q! q" ^9 ?& P
(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至15ml tube,细胞计数,160g离心5min
) {! A, m6 Y3 e( }; M* ~(5) 弃上清,用ES重新悬浮细胞至2×106 cells per ml
4 }* c* X) `- w(6) Prepare 2×freezing medium (20% DMSO in ES medium) and 小份分装(每小瓶0.5 ml)3 p8 m& Z0 v4 P2 q3 C
(7) 加0.5ml细胞悬浮液到freeze vials(冻存小瓶)中,轻轻混匀
" H1 w% g; e! R! L4 u) e9 u(8) Put the vials in a cell-freezing container and keep it at –80 °overnight (TROUBLESHOOTING 3)( s5 b* U2 L1 K' ~
PAUSE POINT
# h" C9 ~+ I) k6 I5 @- q" D6 kFor long-term storage, keep frozen cells in the gas phase of a liquid nitrogen tank.9 t, r# P N' f; I' z8 ~2 Y
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