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本帖最后由 细胞海洋 于 2014-10-24 09:51 编辑 + W C9 k" r# U4 G
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在此省略实验试剂和仪器设备步骤# S* U% J# [! q9 X6 k
成纤维细胞的制备
! Z' I5 \7 E# {1. 从鼠胚胎(A,MEF)或者鼠尾尖(B,TTF)获得成纤维细胞。一般情况下,胚胎成纤维细胞能得到更多ips colonies3 Q7 X( p2 i0 j9 f
A 时间:15d7 ?7 Q* E8 S$ q( d" j- K
(1) 通过断颈杀死怀孕13.5d的雌鼠,分离子宫并用PBS作简单清洗。
! x/ f2 K. g! h& E5 }. F" T, ?- ^(2) 用镊子将胚胎从胎盘和周围被膜组织中分离开来,将胚胎的头部,内脏组织和生殖腺去除$ c! T% G2 t# r
(3) 将胚胎移至装有fresh PBS的100-mm dish中清洗,用剪刀将剩余体躯剪碎,移至装有0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo)的50-ml conical tube,37°孵育20min
( z; S1 x [8 i(4) 另加0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo),37°孵育20min
) R+ g: ]' W! P! ?1 `(5) 加等量的FP medium (6 ml per embryo),反复吹打使组织充分分开8 {& J+ v* ?0 E0 M. j
(6) Keep the tissue/medium mixture still for 5 min at room temperature (20–25 °) 以去除杂质,将上清移至另一新的50-ml conical tube。200g离心5min,弃上清,使沉淀重新悬浮于新的介质中。" O Q/ t. w6 Z+ \6 V
(7) 细胞计数,在FP medium中调整为1 ×106 cells per ml。通常,一个胚胎能获得约1×107个细胞。将细胞悬浮液移至 100-mm 组织培养皿 (1 ×107 cells per dish), 37 °5% CO2 下孵育 24 h (passage 1)
, j7 J, M0 g1 m- P( u3 J. ~(8) 第二天,用PBS清洗以移除漂浮的细胞。
( p4 j3 M/ d; _" ?, G- D(9) 当细胞充分汇合时,去掉FP培养基,用PBS清洗一次,用1 ml of 0.05% trypsin and
+ w8 O, P: [' Z0.53 mM EDTA 消化 5 min。脱落之后,加9 ml of FP medium并吹打使之悬浮。移至新的100-ml皿并作1:4的稀释(passage 2)。三代以内的MEFs作为ips的细胞来源,避免衰老。; ~( `, E m* h+ _! E# K, X
9 r9 j6 k* j; Y: S& ]& }0 j尾尖(B)时间:10d- M) W8 Y, C8 Q$ N. l# q7 Q
在此略
7 Y, W4 p! e- B' y, ~解冻 SNL cells TIMING 0.5 h) Q' G! @, z" H+ t( y" B' A
(1) 准备9ml的SNL medium于15ml的tube中
2 D& m" U" ^4 m( X+ k, W(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻SNL cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞)
; g+ A# L8 b% P7 Q4 Y(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1)( P0 f6 R; J% q* p
(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清
3 Q6 {' p1 _6 _(5) 用10 ml of SNL medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm皿。37°,5% CO23 N( j$ R4 ?4 A, l
孵育,直到达到80–90%汇合& I. W2 e$ H- P! n h9 v7 r/ Z
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CRITICAL STEP 不要让细胞过度汇合,否则会影响它们作为feeder的效果。
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SNL cells的传代 time:0.5h
# H! V E/ D4 i: c2 @(1) 弃培养液,用PBS清洗细胞一次- j8 L3 O0 E0 R1 W v
(2) 吸出PBS,加入0.5 ml per dish of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min
* x0 g: }/ c$ G) E" k(3) 加4.5 ml 的 SNL medium,吹打数次使细胞成为单层细胞
+ g' a' A7 g: B* w. o(4) 通过加入SNL medium调整细胞悬浮液为160ml,移至gelatin-coated dishes (10 ml per 10-cm dish)。This splits the cells 1:16。37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至细胞80–90%汇合。This should happen 3–4 d after passage
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Mitomycin C-inactivation of SNL cells TIMING 3 h
. E5 U$ P( f; z8 f! H8 o(1) 直接加0.3ml 0.4 mg ml–1 mitomycin C solution 到the culture medium of SNL dish,swirl it briefly(短暂地),37 °, 5% CO2孵育2.25 h。The final concentration of mitomycin C will be 12 微g ml–1
& R/ z" J l- p1 k4 e(2) 孵育后,吸出所有的mitomycin C-containing medium,用10ml的PBS清洗细胞两次。* @& B o7 |7 S
(3) 吸出PBS,加0.5 ml of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,摇晃使cover the entire surface,然后室温下静置1min/ G& G( [4 D& ?
(4) 加5ml SNL medium中和trypsin,反复吹打使细胞成为单层。Pool the cell suspension into a 50-ml tube ,细胞计数。Seed the cells on gelatin-coated dishes (1 × 106 cells per 100-mm tissue culture dish, or 1.5 ×105 cells per well of 6-well plate); ~% U0 q/ {9 Y1 G5 i6 J: s
(5) 细胞之间不应该有太大间隙。They should become ready for usage by the next day.: D8 \3 ? D+ a9 @" c
PAUSE POINT
5 B' p. e% ~& T+ g+ `9 p6 vThe mitomycin C-treated SNL dishes 在用之前 can be left for 最多一周
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解冻 Plat-E cells TIMING 0.5 h(与解冻 SNL cells操作基本一样): j; a3 ?- P, w4 c0 e7 v2 B
(1) 准备9ml的FP medium于15ml的tube中4 h& {% p* Y. l5 ~# P# E) D
(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻Plat-E cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞)
2 l$ o8 k( R+ N! h(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1)
$ t( G+ f& ^# x; |: O }(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清' h& y+ k8 r! c, Z1 s" K' p
(5) 用10 ml of FP medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm 皿。37°5% CO2孵育
" ]4 r7 ?+ Y+ F# V(6) 第二天,用新的培养基(添加了1 微g ml–1的puromycin和10 微g ml–1 的blastcidin S)替换原来的培养基。继续37 °, 5% CO2 孵育直至它们 80–90% 汇合 u; Y$ C( }3 a5 y: D3 v& a
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Plat-E cells传代 TIMING 0.5h
1 p/ E7 D5 R/ j6 f. R(1) 吸出PBS,加入4 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min。轻拍,使细胞从培养皿上分离下来,用10 ml FP medium使细胞重新悬浮,转移至15ml tube中。180g离心5min,吸出上清
9 w4 v6 C# Q' [$ D7 q(2) 加入适当体积的FP medium,反复吹打,使细胞成为单层,Seed them to new 100-ml dishes at 1:4–1:6 dilution。细胞应该在2-3天内汇合9 b! g; r h* t( r/ |0 }
Day 1: retrovirus production; Plat-E preparation TIMING 1 h, y3 K1 ]( W, z. t* x
(1) 用PBS清洗细胞,加入4 ml 的0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min4 J/ u5 k( T) N' s% K5 S6 ^3 {
(2) 之后,加 10 ml FP medium 到 the Plat-E dish,轻轻吹打使细胞悬浮,将细胞悬浮液移至50ml tube。FP culture medium used in this period contains neither puromycin nor blasticidin S
+ z* [2 r% B( G8 H$ e" U(3) 180g离心5min
# z1 |% m" t4 X3 X' C1 Y- S(4) 弃上清,用手指轻拍以打散沉淀细胞,用适量的FP medium 使细胞重新悬浮0 C* P4 r4 M/ o4 j# ?
(5) 细胞计数,用FP medium将细胞浓度调整为8 ×105 cells per ml0 @* U8 y& U( t3 {
(6) Seed cells at 8 ×106 cells (10 ml) per 100-mm culture dish, and 孵育过夜at 37 °, 5% CO29 {, ?: J( x" S8 p% s% q) p' b+ t
Day 2: retrovirus production; transfection into Plat-E cells TIMING 1 h/ i5 U* Q* p' s* R* Y
(1) 移 0.3 ml DMEM into a 1.5-ml tube
& z7 O* M4 d& _. u6 z: J(2) 在(1)中的tube 中加入27微升的Fugene 6 transfection reagent,用手指轻拍混匀,室温下孵育5min
' M1 p9 f5 q. p2 s5 N# ~(3) 加入9 微克 of pMXs plasmid DNA (encoding Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc)到Fugene 6/DMEM-containing tube(drop-by-drop),用手指轻拍混匀,孵育15min# A1 e9 D1 D$ h2 M" x# V
(4) 逐滴将DNA/Fugene 6 complex 加到 Plat-E dish中,37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜
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关键步骤
7 W* B. C( k/ f6 pAlso transfect with a suitable control;we use pMXs retroviral vector GFP to monitor transfection efficiency。We routinely obtain efficiency >80%. High-efficient transfection is crucial for iPS cell induction/ C8 c, x+ N; w- M7 w
$ C+ ]2 j$ ` T& U( EDay 3: retrovirus production (continued) TIMING 0.5 h9 U+ N6 M- l8 R: A
吸出transfection reagent–containing medium,加入10ml新的FP培养基,return the cells to the incubator
- [5 @* V% a; V$ |+ B& SPreparation of fibroblasts TIMING 1 h
/ k2 Q3 M$ E1 a& A$ Y(1) 培养MEF或TTF(passage< 3)至约90%汇合in 10-cm dishes(约2×106 cells per dish)
; _, g9 a8 a6 F2 m. Q(2) 吸出培养基,用10ml的PBS清洗( O. ]& x( K- ?7 ^
(3) 弃PBS,加1 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,37°孵育10min
2 O, H8 r$ f' \(4) 加9ml培养基,使细胞悬浮且为单层,移至50ml tube中' X( z8 K* v7 G' f
(5) 细胞计数,调整细胞浓度为8×104 cells per ml。移10ml细胞悬浮液至有mitomycin C-inactivated SNL cells的100-mm dish (use puromycin-resistant feeder cells for NanogGFP-IRES-Puro)。37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜。
' L( Q3 ?! U) I& i: W2 MDay 4: retroviral infection TIMING 0.5 h) d8 E/ F; `5 O3 ?. K/ n7 \
(1) 用灭过的10-ml一次性注射器收集 medium from the Plat-E dish,通过 0.45-mm孔径大小的醋酸纤维素过滤器过滤,后移至15ml tube 。
# E8 }/ Z" k- F$ @(2) 加5 微升的 8 mg ml–1 polybrene solution 到 the 10-ml filtrated virus-containing medium,轻轻的反复吹打使之混匀,The final concentration of polybrene will be 4微g ml–1
$ Y- T& q0 {& ~2 a8 n( l& S% Z(3) Make a mixture of equal parts of the medium containing Oct-3/4-, Sox2-, Klf4- and c-Myc-retroviruses.
3 y& X/ W ]$ `1 T R0 v关键步骤; Y! q8 D) h0 m& g7 V
Retroviruses should be used freshly.不要冷冻,否则您将不会获得ips细胞。Retrovirus滴度对于ips细胞产生相当重要,The freeze/thaw step 降低病毒滴度
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# k* g/ o- \2 o(4) 从fibroblast dish中吸出medium,加入10 ml of the polybrene/virus-containing medium。37 °, 5% CO2孵育4h或者过夜5 c r4 P4 b7 P" N- x0 D
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Day 5 and 6 TIMING 5 min each day# r& q" u; Y9 p
24或者48h之后,从fibroblast dish中吸出 medium,加入10ml新鲜PBS
6 O$ l2 n3 {. l+ oDay 7 TIMING 5 min2 A3 I- Z" B' s; Z8 H
弃培养基,加入10 ml ES medium,For Fbx15βgeo/βgeo selection, the medium should be supplemented with 0.3 mg ml–1 of G418! H# B& n+ d2 O: F
Day 8–10 TIMING 5 min each day
# P) d- a/ E+ w每天更换培养基(分别在24,48,72h后)" E# W1 E% M3 c s* }$ o8 f2 T
Day 11 TIMING 5 min
& u+ M$ G/ O9 _0 S3 T/ T For NanogGFP-IRES-Puro selection, add puromycin to the medium at the final concentration of 1.5 mg ml–1
: E0 V7 u1 G- Y$ r, Z0 NDay 12 TIMING 约5 min each day
% \# E& j% X% i: N2 r每天换液,直至colony becomes big enough to be picked up. Colonies should first become visible approximately 病毒转染1周后. They should become large enough to be picked up around day 20(TROUBLESHOOTING 1)& K8 r! v- F' |( u% @4 L
Counting the colonies: 结晶紫染色 TIMING 1 d$ G, ]% h( z3 P3 e& B$ o
(1) colonies收集后,完全吸出PBS,加入5ml甲醇固定剩余细胞,室温下孵育1min
+ a, h/ c! }; `- P(2) Wash the dishes twice with water.6 O* \9 A7 Z* \: X+ q8 `
(3) 加 5 ml 0.1% 结晶紫溶液到皿中,室温下孵育5min
7 l& P3 w( Z/ I1 C(4) Wash the dishes with water
" c7 U" |; ~! a6 u5 l% J0 u(5) Photograph the dishes and count the number of colonies.' d8 S u) \/ ^
- k' M' w; W: U7 a7 j- g, GExpansion of iPS cells TIMING 1 h1 o) Y9 G* z- B* S0 c/ z+ K
(1) 弃培养基,用1ml PBS清洗细胞
1 H+ L: C$ e/ _: f(2) 彻底remove PBS,加 0.1 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min
- s+ x1 j) m1 O1 I5 u' d(3) 加0.4 ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层
7 l+ m' i7 V7 R2 k(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至 a well of 6-well plate,加1.5 ml ES medium,37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至达到80–90%汇合in 6-well plates。At this point, prepare frozen stock of the cells, as follows(TROUBLESHOOTING 2)) ~! e% s) B7 E
Preparation of freeze stock TIMING 1 h9 y" M1 c1 U* O4 n+ M
(1) 弃培养基,用2ml PBS清洗
: |% e* W6 r4 Z$ i- Y(2) 彻底remove PBS,加入0.3 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min/ x& {5 m) ?# y+ s/ F5 q
(3) 加2ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层
: c2 j& O/ I, m(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至15ml tube,细胞计数,160g离心5min! N f0 l) A( _& M' f2 a/ t8 [& }
(5) 弃上清,用ES重新悬浮细胞至2×106 cells per ml+ W9 G) v5 j9 r( _
(6) Prepare 2×freezing medium (20% DMSO in ES medium) and 小份分装(每小瓶0.5 ml)
& N4 ]& w6 r0 r+ w8 Y2 F(7) 加0.5ml细胞悬浮液到freeze vials(冻存小瓶)中,轻轻混匀7 b5 ?7 q0 h! Z
(8) Put the vials in a cell-freezing container and keep it at –80 °overnight (TROUBLESHOOTING 3)$ Q# b5 k$ Y) C' N' I6 y* o
PAUSE POINT
* G# z* q; s$ a" L+ c; l8 o3 Y' @For long-term storage, keep frozen cells in the gas phase of a liquid nitrogen tank.. d$ [" C5 g7 Z; `& e4 a* _; l8 p
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