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本帖最后由 细胞海洋 于 2014-10-24 09:51 编辑 ' V8 x$ e6 R, y4 k/ v N4 m
7 i7 }& A8 w9 w0 P% u' n在此省略实验试剂和仪器设备步骤$ U3 U# d) P$ W7 j$ k# K m
成纤维细胞的制备. {0 k) C7 v2 N$ M3 i
1. 从鼠胚胎(A,MEF)或者鼠尾尖(B,TTF)获得成纤维细胞。一般情况下,胚胎成纤维细胞能得到更多ips colonies
( ]+ d6 D6 o9 o# u) f( a: A7 xA 时间:15d
; F/ K2 I0 H& U+ e" k& C l4 p(1) 通过断颈杀死怀孕13.5d的雌鼠,分离子宫并用PBS作简单清洗。
- V. B( ]7 U. i5 ^- G. b4 a(2) 用镊子将胚胎从胎盘和周围被膜组织中分离开来,将胚胎的头部,内脏组织和生殖腺去除
3 R* ^* G/ K4 q O0 N7 O0 n' P: k. q(3) 将胚胎移至装有fresh PBS的100-mm dish中清洗,用剪刀将剩余体躯剪碎,移至装有0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo)的50-ml conical tube,37°孵育20min
& w6 D, j+ m3 @6 T(4) 另加0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo),37°孵育20min ' q8 x, X4 F- N
(5) 加等量的FP medium (6 ml per embryo),反复吹打使组织充分分开- B; P2 z. Z) K! O3 ?
(6) Keep the tissue/medium mixture still for 5 min at room temperature (20–25 °) 以去除杂质,将上清移至另一新的50-ml conical tube。200g离心5min,弃上清,使沉淀重新悬浮于新的介质中。- X" N E/ N. a' k4 G0 a$ A
(7) 细胞计数,在FP medium中调整为1 ×106 cells per ml。通常,一个胚胎能获得约1×107个细胞。将细胞悬浮液移至 100-mm 组织培养皿 (1 ×107 cells per dish), 37 °5% CO2 下孵育 24 h (passage 1)* O7 b2 e0 V( z4 E
(8) 第二天,用PBS清洗以移除漂浮的细胞。
, g7 r5 f- Y9 l; E4 X: Q# m(9) 当细胞充分汇合时,去掉FP培养基,用PBS清洗一次,用1 ml of 0.05% trypsin and8 ?" g) D# y, f/ V2 p0 t% ]
0.53 mM EDTA 消化 5 min。脱落之后,加9 ml of FP medium并吹打使之悬浮。移至新的100-ml皿并作1:4的稀释(passage 2)。三代以内的MEFs作为ips的细胞来源,避免衰老。
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尾尖(B)时间:10d7 D; n H" W8 Q5 u& w" `
在此略8 f+ I' h0 [" D6 y: }
解冻 SNL cells TIMING 0.5 h
: G8 T; H5 x- q) M(1) 准备9ml的SNL medium于15ml的tube中
5 Z$ N, p& i: I( ~2 ^(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻SNL cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞)0 }" }7 }/ n- h
(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1)
$ Y! V- n% K, N# l& \ n(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清
u7 k* R: h2 J% m(5) 用10 ml of SNL medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm皿。37°,5% CO2
# ]+ w) A. z/ a0 z' H孵育,直到达到80–90%汇合
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CRITICAL STEP 不要让细胞过度汇合,否则会影响它们作为feeder的效果。) u9 t6 u" u! k2 f/ t( `; b. G
. `9 Y; @! s0 T" V BSNL cells的传代 time:0.5h
! P X- p. d, a/ }) ^& z! l) a(1) 弃培养液,用PBS清洗细胞一次
/ L% o7 R9 r D7 B; ](2) 吸出PBS,加入0.5 ml per dish of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min
1 \& @! } p L- s$ V4 G- n, n(3) 加4.5 ml 的 SNL medium,吹打数次使细胞成为单层细胞
! b3 c8 o9 q! q3 l(4) 通过加入SNL medium调整细胞悬浮液为160ml,移至gelatin-coated dishes (10 ml per 10-cm dish)。This splits the cells 1:16。37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至细胞80–90%汇合。This should happen 3–4 d after passage
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Mitomycin C-inactivation of SNL cells TIMING 3 h) N- e7 s% d1 g4 i5 m
(1) 直接加0.3ml 0.4 mg ml–1 mitomycin C solution 到the culture medium of SNL dish,swirl it briefly(短暂地),37 °, 5% CO2孵育2.25 h。The final concentration of mitomycin C will be 12 微g ml–1
4 l7 ]5 e/ r) A4 i" d(2) 孵育后,吸出所有的mitomycin C-containing medium,用10ml的PBS清洗细胞两次。
4 n! R, ]" u7 t# W(3) 吸出PBS,加0.5 ml of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,摇晃使cover the entire surface,然后室温下静置1min$ m3 W! f. D3 S% @" N v3 m
(4) 加5ml SNL medium中和trypsin,反复吹打使细胞成为单层。Pool the cell suspension into a 50-ml tube ,细胞计数。Seed the cells on gelatin-coated dishes (1 × 106 cells per 100-mm tissue culture dish, or 1.5 ×105 cells per well of 6-well plate)* t- w0 t8 @) }% r8 U9 C- a+ ]; q
(5) 细胞之间不应该有太大间隙。They should become ready for usage by the next day.0 Y2 n4 e! }$ ~' W; F
PAUSE POINT( ?: O8 r" n0 |$ v' P
The mitomycin C-treated SNL dishes 在用之前 can be left for 最多一周, n- Y( s- `; Z' Y( `0 d9 i
5 n9 S. A% n+ ?5 q6 E6 {% f f解冻 Plat-E cells TIMING 0.5 h(与解冻 SNL cells操作基本一样)
- \# E5 J1 n0 p(1) 准备9ml的FP medium于15ml的tube中
% C, o# F* I: |+ k# P(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻Plat-E cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞)
) Z, y+ a& o$ W4 K(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1)( H/ }$ Q$ R8 S6 @
(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清
7 W. j: F/ o% m+ E) F( l# ?+ i(5) 用10 ml of FP medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm 皿。37°5% CO2孵育
2 { X, A; s* P* o(6) 第二天,用新的培养基(添加了1 微g ml–1的puromycin和10 微g ml–1 的blastcidin S)替换原来的培养基。继续37 °, 5% CO2 孵育直至它们 80–90% 汇合
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Plat-E cells传代 TIMING 0.5h- ?" c& `, X' w6 U' U @. f
(1) 吸出PBS,加入4 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min。轻拍,使细胞从培养皿上分离下来,用10 ml FP medium使细胞重新悬浮,转移至15ml tube中。180g离心5min,吸出上清6 D7 G' `3 F" f) s* I5 u
(2) 加入适当体积的FP medium,反复吹打,使细胞成为单层,Seed them to new 100-ml dishes at 1:4–1:6 dilution。细胞应该在2-3天内汇合6 |' I& ^% @$ j5 C1 X& J4 n4 M1 T0 D1 h
Day 1: retrovirus production; Plat-E preparation TIMING 1 h J+ q/ q6 ?+ B4 r0 y- e9 j n2 D
(1) 用PBS清洗细胞,加入4 ml 的0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min( b7 b" g) d1 w, H+ E
(2) 之后,加 10 ml FP medium 到 the Plat-E dish,轻轻吹打使细胞悬浮,将细胞悬浮液移至50ml tube。FP culture medium used in this period contains neither puromycin nor blasticidin S% K8 F2 c1 F+ `' A7 H3 _
(3) 180g离心5min
+ y, ?( h4 M& }- e" ], Z, K(4) 弃上清,用手指轻拍以打散沉淀细胞,用适量的FP medium 使细胞重新悬浮3 i @( o5 X# e) T/ Y
(5) 细胞计数,用FP medium将细胞浓度调整为8 ×105 cells per ml
7 [% R# v k' @& t(6) Seed cells at 8 ×106 cells (10 ml) per 100-mm culture dish, and 孵育过夜at 37 °, 5% CO21 M6 k, j0 J4 \, H; a `& W' H; _
Day 2: retrovirus production; transfection into Plat-E cells TIMING 1 h& \6 A+ P8 i' K7 C$ s0 b
(1) 移 0.3 ml DMEM into a 1.5-ml tube& \1 O3 d4 g$ a2 @: Y+ a
(2) 在(1)中的tube 中加入27微升的Fugene 6 transfection reagent,用手指轻拍混匀,室温下孵育5min, q7 j4 U; S' B# w" S9 I- R
(3) 加入9 微克 of pMXs plasmid DNA (encoding Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc)到Fugene 6/DMEM-containing tube(drop-by-drop),用手指轻拍混匀,孵育15min
) |( [% W- |8 O$ y1 Q(4) 逐滴将DNA/Fugene 6 complex 加到 Plat-E dish中,37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜
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关键步骤
' B3 {, e! w3 n* tAlso transfect with a suitable control;we use pMXs retroviral vector GFP to monitor transfection efficiency。We routinely obtain efficiency >80%. High-efficient transfection is crucial for iPS cell induction9 d- p7 Y( l% @% G# R
5 N' N. z7 C; K0 D9 l6 X+ QDay 3: retrovirus production (continued) TIMING 0.5 h
9 M, m2 N+ j, {: d- L( c3 f/ j吸出transfection reagent–containing medium,加入10ml新的FP培养基,return the cells to the incubator
6 I" v" N/ b# _ b2 v5 Z8 \! z" cPreparation of fibroblasts TIMING 1 h
: l/ B0 u! u7 m+ \! ~! d(1) 培养MEF或TTF(passage< 3)至约90%汇合in 10-cm dishes(约2×106 cells per dish)+ }3 r' a6 b/ N# a0 O4 ]7 p4 R! `
(2) 吸出培养基,用10ml的PBS清洗. ]$ ^/ m' h/ ^( d, W) `# H
(3) 弃PBS,加1 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,37°孵育10min
7 D. }( \7 I* R6 F(4) 加9ml培养基,使细胞悬浮且为单层,移至50ml tube中
7 b# G0 q) Q' V S$ M& e(5) 细胞计数,调整细胞浓度为8×104 cells per ml。移10ml细胞悬浮液至有mitomycin C-inactivated SNL cells的100-mm dish (use puromycin-resistant feeder cells for NanogGFP-IRES-Puro)。37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜。+ X& W d( I2 b! x$ l( j
Day 4: retroviral infection TIMING 0.5 h
1 o7 g/ H: \& i5 ?2 u. f! l6 Y(1) 用灭过的10-ml一次性注射器收集 medium from the Plat-E dish,通过 0.45-mm孔径大小的醋酸纤维素过滤器过滤,后移至15ml tube 。
9 ^' C( M0 v0 R6 o(2) 加5 微升的 8 mg ml–1 polybrene solution 到 the 10-ml filtrated virus-containing medium,轻轻的反复吹打使之混匀,The final concentration of polybrene will be 4微g ml–1$ a2 X) f9 g3 G) V; L1 O7 j
(3) Make a mixture of equal parts of the medium containing Oct-3/4-, Sox2-, Klf4- and c-Myc-retroviruses. y, Z( W" O1 d; C
关键步骤) D. _# D% G6 o
Retroviruses should be used freshly.不要冷冻,否则您将不会获得ips细胞。Retrovirus滴度对于ips细胞产生相当重要,The freeze/thaw step 降低病毒滴度) a; I. `+ y/ q2 Y* w
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(4) 从fibroblast dish中吸出medium,加入10 ml of the polybrene/virus-containing medium。37 °, 5% CO2孵育4h或者过夜
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9 l, J. x |. b2 [, d. F4 mDay 5 and 6 TIMING 5 min each day0 i* \$ C% q K d7 |+ i
24或者48h之后,从fibroblast dish中吸出 medium,加入10ml新鲜PBS
4 I: ^% j8 F% VDay 7 TIMING 5 min9 B' J; P a5 o
弃培养基,加入10 ml ES medium,For Fbx15βgeo/βgeo selection, the medium should be supplemented with 0.3 mg ml–1 of G418
0 d% [3 K: h% C9 W% [4 hDay 8–10 TIMING 5 min each day
' U; R3 b5 q7 L% u& R每天更换培养基(分别在24,48,72h后)
$ o7 A7 {+ M: ]. { N3 LDay 11 TIMING 5 min. u% R4 I, R; \. \
For NanogGFP-IRES-Puro selection, add puromycin to the medium at the final concentration of 1.5 mg ml–11 P n$ j" ^' C0 H% i" f4 M
Day 12 TIMING 约5 min each day& p1 M; T# F" b3 V
每天换液,直至colony becomes big enough to be picked up. Colonies should first become visible approximately 病毒转染1周后. They should become large enough to be picked up around day 20(TROUBLESHOOTING 1)
/ x9 o; K) L2 ^7 f5 @* \7 oCounting the colonies: 结晶紫染色 TIMING 1 d
- r8 M5 U/ |3 M- x( X) \' p, E5 f(1) colonies收集后,完全吸出PBS,加入5ml甲醇固定剩余细胞,室温下孵育1min' N; o7 D% l% r& ]' H" d
(2) Wash the dishes twice with water.* @5 T( w' S8 m! b) o' b4 V! P! C
(3) 加 5 ml 0.1% 结晶紫溶液到皿中,室温下孵育5min
/ Z' b+ v, O( x! ?(4) Wash the dishes with water
9 |9 M1 f9 a4 s E- W: p. I( ]0 M(5) Photograph the dishes and count the number of colonies.
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6 q7 q, [5 a, {Expansion of iPS cells TIMING 1 h3 E) y5 ^9 u; w5 T: L" T
(1) 弃培养基,用1ml PBS清洗细胞
$ x8 |& z% b$ m9 s" r0 ]. [8 U* Y(2) 彻底remove PBS,加 0.1 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min
1 Z s1 E4 ^! X9 P6 ~6 q5 l) T! j(3) 加0.4 ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层
6 K, d2 G d, J( m6 r(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至 a well of 6-well plate,加1.5 ml ES medium,37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至达到80–90%汇合in 6-well plates。At this point, prepare frozen stock of the cells, as follows(TROUBLESHOOTING 2)
5 E* Y- \+ S! [3 \$ `) |7 P: j4 R% FPreparation of freeze stock TIMING 1 h
; G' o, L6 k. N) f/ T3 S+ l" A( `(1) 弃培养基,用2ml PBS清洗
- b' y' t8 F, U4 j/ x8 f(2) 彻底remove PBS,加入0.3 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min: Q6 x0 C4 ~9 u" J* G
(3) 加2ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层
! |) }' \# C7 E" B9 a7 v(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至15ml tube,细胞计数,160g离心5min2 l" J( g# j" X, |0 z* i
(5) 弃上清,用ES重新悬浮细胞至2×106 cells per ml }* W3 c7 k% y+ Z1 s8 U
(6) Prepare 2×freezing medium (20% DMSO in ES medium) and 小份分装(每小瓶0.5 ml)
8 k- D& }; C5 F: T(7) 加0.5ml细胞悬浮液到freeze vials(冻存小瓶)中,轻轻混匀1 e- P; x B: v) h
(8) Put the vials in a cell-freezing container and keep it at –80 °overnight (TROUBLESHOOTING 3)
' F5 G! H8 H7 c* S3 _; N8 F9 bPAUSE POINT
. k+ v N8 x$ J# K+ _For long-term storage, keep frozen cells in the gas phase of a liquid nitrogen tank.! U: @/ n! N; S9 U
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