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本帖最后由 细胞海洋 于 2014-10-24 09:51 编辑
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在此省略实验试剂和仪器设备步骤+ _3 z. M% F; V p3 a
成纤维细胞的制备
7 g R1 x0 d+ H) v& [5 w1. 从鼠胚胎(A,MEF)或者鼠尾尖(B,TTF)获得成纤维细胞。一般情况下,胚胎成纤维细胞能得到更多ips colonies
5 I# S( [6 m% A6 n+ j* {. FA 时间:15d
/ @( T- Q+ C" B0 P5 d3 N1 Q(1) 通过断颈杀死怀孕13.5d的雌鼠,分离子宫并用PBS作简单清洗。, s1 B) C! i4 T5 Q, ]9 M) v
(2) 用镊子将胚胎从胎盘和周围被膜组织中分离开来,将胚胎的头部,内脏组织和生殖腺去除& Z0 Q. R+ _7 T4 J% p# f) m0 e
(3) 将胚胎移至装有fresh PBS的100-mm dish中清洗,用剪刀将剩余体躯剪碎,移至装有0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo)的50-ml conical tube,37°孵育20min 6 Z) a! P0 h2 B
(4) 另加0.1% trypsin/0.1 mM EDTA solution (3 ml per embryo),37°孵育20min 5 M# R) ?0 z0 A6 ]7 ~
(5) 加等量的FP medium (6 ml per embryo),反复吹打使组织充分分开0 ]- S$ D$ K2 ^ w: l9 R% ]
(6) Keep the tissue/medium mixture still for 5 min at room temperature (20–25 °) 以去除杂质,将上清移至另一新的50-ml conical tube。200g离心5min,弃上清,使沉淀重新悬浮于新的介质中。
5 }: y, B7 L8 b- i% n(7) 细胞计数,在FP medium中调整为1 ×106 cells per ml。通常,一个胚胎能获得约1×107个细胞。将细胞悬浮液移至 100-mm 组织培养皿 (1 ×107 cells per dish), 37 °5% CO2 下孵育 24 h (passage 1)( @. H# Q) ]4 `( d: R# U
(8) 第二天,用PBS清洗以移除漂浮的细胞。
4 v. C5 k5 j2 ?3 ?(9) 当细胞充分汇合时,去掉FP培养基,用PBS清洗一次,用1 ml of 0.05% trypsin and
7 Q- V: H& t) v) O" K/ \0.53 mM EDTA 消化 5 min。脱落之后,加9 ml of FP medium并吹打使之悬浮。移至新的100-ml皿并作1:4的稀释(passage 2)。三代以内的MEFs作为ips的细胞来源,避免衰老。! k& b5 V# o0 @0 W
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尾尖(B)时间:10d7 }. ^% i4 [) w# E7 v9 U2 C
在此略
9 n: n' }, a1 s. N, {$ `& [解冻 SNL cells TIMING 0.5 h9 {. f3 a; S2 c* w* }( H( _
(1) 准备9ml的SNL medium于15ml的tube中
& O/ `4 q5 Y0 N# o8 y(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻SNL cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞)! G+ j1 w1 a8 T- D
(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1)( o+ Z# M8 L7 T0 Q4 W! h
(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清0 m, R ?- Q7 N* y0 }: U! t0 N6 ^
(5) 用10 ml of SNL medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm皿。37°,5% CO2
( d7 I8 u# x- D( T孵育,直到达到80–90%汇合- O' t6 w5 y0 P2 u$ C1 H& q7 j# g M
$ Z( q+ K7 d+ b- R o: \CRITICAL STEP 不要让细胞过度汇合,否则会影响它们作为feeder的效果。
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/ p2 _+ ^6 N9 R6 N. G# Z. N nSNL cells的传代 time:0.5h& b9 w, X: |+ X$ E
(1) 弃培养液,用PBS清洗细胞一次) Z, `% l! F: ]
(2) 吸出PBS,加入0.5 ml per dish of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min
1 B0 n' N8 `) ?2 y(3) 加4.5 ml 的 SNL medium,吹打数次使细胞成为单层细胞
* o/ u2 G0 C$ b! i(4) 通过加入SNL medium调整细胞悬浮液为160ml,移至gelatin-coated dishes (10 ml per 10-cm dish)。This splits the cells 1:16。37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至细胞80–90%汇合。This should happen 3–4 d after passage
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6 B G# R; b5 l7 `Mitomycin C-inactivation of SNL cells TIMING 3 h1 y& b8 i9 Q3 z# z" A& N) v, @
(1) 直接加0.3ml 0.4 mg ml–1 mitomycin C solution 到the culture medium of SNL dish,swirl it briefly(短暂地),37 °, 5% CO2孵育2.25 h。The final concentration of mitomycin C will be 12 微g ml–1
* z. `% {! p, w% F* L& h/ ?) J7 q(2) 孵育后,吸出所有的mitomycin C-containing medium,用10ml的PBS清洗细胞两次。
- n& u2 `7 i" q; B* Q' m(3) 吸出PBS,加0.5 ml of 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA,摇晃使cover the entire surface,然后室温下静置1min
) h4 g$ K' i: V$ m(4) 加5ml SNL medium中和trypsin,反复吹打使细胞成为单层。Pool the cell suspension into a 50-ml tube ,细胞计数。Seed the cells on gelatin-coated dishes (1 × 106 cells per 100-mm tissue culture dish, or 1.5 ×105 cells per well of 6-well plate)
0 Z& q. w( S& T(5) 细胞之间不应该有太大间隙。They should become ready for usage by the next day.3 H1 k4 Q: y! `7 M+ S* ?
PAUSE POINT5 M' K1 d# A5 }0 c5 c
The mitomycin C-treated SNL dishes 在用之前 can be left for 最多一周2 s( T3 `+ `/ j: n2 q
* p0 I4 @3 Z( s/ O1 {* e解冻 Plat-E cells TIMING 0.5 h(与解冻 SNL cells操作基本一样), F' W. {( D7 J. C, O; L! q
(1) 准备9ml的FP medium于15ml的tube中' I$ u! x5 k: Q' q
(2) 从液氮罐中取一小瓶冻Plat-E cells,放入37°水浴直至大部分细胞解冻(不是所有细胞); Y& B' T6 H# v3 V
(3) 用酒精擦拭小瓶,打开瓶盖,将细胞悬浮液移至the tube prepared in Step(1)# P) L* r# m8 j7 ~ }. m* \* d
(4) 160g 离心5 min,弃上清
) c$ ]) l4 V g2 G4 |(5) 用10 ml of FP medium重新悬浮细胞,移至gelatin-coated 100-mm 皿。37°5% CO2孵育
# S& ^5 S/ A& |, {(6) 第二天,用新的培养基(添加了1 微g ml–1的puromycin和10 微g ml–1 的blastcidin S)替换原来的培养基。继续37 °, 5% CO2 孵育直至它们 80–90% 汇合) u/ t& x; X1 J5 B; \. g
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Plat-E cells传代 TIMING 0.5h7 u/ V* N0 Y* J0 p5 S
(1) 吸出PBS,加入4 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min。轻拍,使细胞从培养皿上分离下来,用10 ml FP medium使细胞重新悬浮,转移至15ml tube中。180g离心5min,吸出上清$ v; R8 X5 L: n( `+ i
(2) 加入适当体积的FP medium,反复吹打,使细胞成为单层,Seed them to new 100-ml dishes at 1:4–1:6 dilution。细胞应该在2-3天内汇合- l* f; q9 \: D9 }% e7 {
Day 1: retrovirus production; Plat-E preparation TIMING 1 h
: p: c9 a% {+ x& x(1) 用PBS清洗细胞,加入4 ml 的0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,室温下孵育1min
2 a0 K9 Q$ Y' s7 y7 V( M(2) 之后,加 10 ml FP medium 到 the Plat-E dish,轻轻吹打使细胞悬浮,将细胞悬浮液移至50ml tube。FP culture medium used in this period contains neither puromycin nor blasticidin S
' h: I8 ~* N W0 R% W! I(3) 180g离心5min
+ r0 z& _5 i) ?, A! f(4) 弃上清,用手指轻拍以打散沉淀细胞,用适量的FP medium 使细胞重新悬浮" C" I+ ?& B x) s* @
(5) 细胞计数,用FP medium将细胞浓度调整为8 ×105 cells per ml
; v& ]/ s8 P" _- X u! a* Z(6) Seed cells at 8 ×106 cells (10 ml) per 100-mm culture dish, and 孵育过夜at 37 °, 5% CO21 M7 R4 ~0 X/ n
Day 2: retrovirus production; transfection into Plat-E cells TIMING 1 h1 W) ?9 K1 l1 z8 O. p, g' j
(1) 移 0.3 ml DMEM into a 1.5-ml tube# x( |" c& ^% A
(2) 在(1)中的tube 中加入27微升的Fugene 6 transfection reagent,用手指轻拍混匀,室温下孵育5min" _, a9 G9 O. n
(3) 加入9 微克 of pMXs plasmid DNA (encoding Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc)到Fugene 6/DMEM-containing tube(drop-by-drop),用手指轻拍混匀,孵育15min
: t* Q* r1 @5 Q; x(4) 逐滴将DNA/Fugene 6 complex 加到 Plat-E dish中,37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜' Z/ m; C$ I1 Z% q; e" W+ X" v
, p9 d t4 e! z/ C Q2 A, w关键步骤
2 l, X9 R% ]7 e qAlso transfect with a suitable control;we use pMXs retroviral vector GFP to monitor transfection efficiency。We routinely obtain efficiency >80%. High-efficient transfection is crucial for iPS cell induction+ H2 r' S* D3 J
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Day 3: retrovirus production (continued) TIMING 0.5 h/ ~+ L0 B8 W9 _+ C
吸出transfection reagent–containing medium,加入10ml新的FP培养基,return the cells to the incubator( j/ C; ^3 j9 k: r
Preparation of fibroblasts TIMING 1 h- y& i* K1 o8 N# ~ O/ P6 \
(1) 培养MEF或TTF(passage< 3)至约90%汇合in 10-cm dishes(约2×106 cells per dish)6 J0 ]1 f Y( M4 a& A! `
(2) 吸出培养基,用10ml的PBS清洗
* k( w* U( o S4 H! Q; b3 H(3) 弃PBS,加1 ml per dish of 0.05% trypsin/0.53 mM EDTA,37°孵育10min& P/ x- k5 ~; H8 Q: k0 `) Q
(4) 加9ml培养基,使细胞悬浮且为单层,移至50ml tube中6 z0 |% p6 R/ a) U1 S
(5) 细胞计数,调整细胞浓度为8×104 cells per ml。移10ml细胞悬浮液至有mitomycin C-inactivated SNL cells的100-mm dish (use puromycin-resistant feeder cells for NanogGFP-IRES-Puro)。37 °, 5% CO2孵育过夜。6 g! }* _2 R0 o# c5 S
Day 4: retroviral infection TIMING 0.5 h
O9 i+ z& w3 M1 N$ ?(1) 用灭过的10-ml一次性注射器收集 medium from the Plat-E dish,通过 0.45-mm孔径大小的醋酸纤维素过滤器过滤,后移至15ml tube 。
* H, c# p' t1 I(2) 加5 微升的 8 mg ml–1 polybrene solution 到 the 10-ml filtrated virus-containing medium,轻轻的反复吹打使之混匀,The final concentration of polybrene will be 4微g ml–1+ s6 L6 a5 m( v0 k8 L
(3) Make a mixture of equal parts of the medium containing Oct-3/4-, Sox2-, Klf4- and c-Myc-retroviruses.9 I5 h: h8 F. u5 O7 d( s
关键步骤8 L7 z( g$ D% a& h
Retroviruses should be used freshly.不要冷冻,否则您将不会获得ips细胞。Retrovirus滴度对于ips细胞产生相当重要,The freeze/thaw step 降低病毒滴度
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6 U4 h* X! l3 W# s. x- r2 W(4) 从fibroblast dish中吸出medium,加入10 ml of the polybrene/virus-containing medium。37 °, 5% CO2孵育4h或者过夜
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5 c5 [ m. o6 e! X6 V ]Day 5 and 6 TIMING 5 min each day
: a% z/ O- ]% e24或者48h之后,从fibroblast dish中吸出 medium,加入10ml新鲜PBS
l) |. @9 C- r1 u8 u1 c! ZDay 7 TIMING 5 min, K! |- ?3 _; s( E7 K# Y
弃培养基,加入10 ml ES medium,For Fbx15βgeo/βgeo selection, the medium should be supplemented with 0.3 mg ml–1 of G418
8 f7 ?( {1 N; D$ [& hDay 8–10 TIMING 5 min each day: V. F2 z3 f K8 r: F& y
每天更换培养基(分别在24,48,72h后)' a u* p8 Y6 v' D
Day 11 TIMING 5 min
# l. M- E) J% V" P6 V For NanogGFP-IRES-Puro selection, add puromycin to the medium at the final concentration of 1.5 mg ml–15 o. t+ Y% o% M
Day 12 TIMING 约5 min each day1 S# d6 P* ^; R- H4 h
每天换液,直至colony becomes big enough to be picked up. Colonies should first become visible approximately 病毒转染1周后. They should become large enough to be picked up around day 20(TROUBLESHOOTING 1)
' l8 k1 m A# |; _0 o& }: ~Counting the colonies: 结晶紫染色 TIMING 1 d
: n% r: ?5 l: x6 h# Y' H(1) colonies收集后,完全吸出PBS,加入5ml甲醇固定剩余细胞,室温下孵育1min
5 ^; v4 d, ~3 J4 i(2) Wash the dishes twice with water.
5 m# T* o3 C6 k+ e+ t(3) 加 5 ml 0.1% 结晶紫溶液到皿中,室温下孵育5min
# u, ?: c1 g6 u3 Z7 K(4) Wash the dishes with water; K% I- j, i: e8 }
(5) Photograph the dishes and count the number of colonies.4 k) L0 P5 f" ?" P
$ J, U! {& p9 \- U( xExpansion of iPS cells TIMING 1 h: t8 o0 k+ x8 X! `4 b
(1) 弃培养基,用1ml PBS清洗细胞
! n0 q. T9 \, B(2) 彻底remove PBS,加 0.1 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min
2 G D- y; [4 ~( E- q& Q4 M(3) 加0.4 ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层
# H7 ?4 X6 x* f) l(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至 a well of 6-well plate,加1.5 ml ES medium,37 °, 5% CO2孵育直至达到80–90%汇合in 6-well plates。At this point, prepare frozen stock of the cells, as follows(TROUBLESHOOTING 2)+ ~! M& m$ `- P/ i; b: I6 K( T6 ^
Preparation of freeze stock TIMING 1 h- V8 U7 T1 A1 K2 i& j5 T
(1) 弃培养基,用2ml PBS清洗4 K. J- t7 z3 i# j
(2) 彻底remove PBS,加入0.3 ml 0.25% trypsin/1 mM EDTA , 37 °孵育10 min% L1 T* C, x- r u5 n; }
(3) 加2ml ES medium ,反复吹打细胞至成为单层. U( W- a: x+ o ^& x
(4) 将细胞悬浮液移至15ml tube,细胞计数,160g离心5min
1 b" Y* V ^7 P(5) 弃上清,用ES重新悬浮细胞至2×106 cells per ml, ~$ x* A( y, o0 N
(6) Prepare 2×freezing medium (20% DMSO in ES medium) and 小份分装(每小瓶0.5 ml)6 m3 |; q3 y0 F
(7) 加0.5ml细胞悬浮液到freeze vials(冻存小瓶)中,轻轻混匀& A' N+ ~3 o( `% A( R
(8) Put the vials in a cell-freezing container and keep it at –80 °overnight (TROUBLESHOOTING 3)+ T# {3 N4 l' ^
PAUSE POINT
# q" c+ A$ s+ L$ H- A3 R$ c+ F! wFor long-term storage, keep frozen cells in the gas phase of a liquid nitrogen tank.
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