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Josephine White1 and Stephen Dalton*,2* Z* x' i3 j3 f$ c3 Q; a8 M) `
1Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Adelaide, South Australia, 5005; and 2Department
: K4 M# _4 i% p9 ] T& h' K$ bof Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602; J! A4 `- D3 s5 G6 e% W
; z, i6 Z3 z% x8 _) G6 iAbstract
7 {: n$ H* w/ c2 ~Embryonic stem cells have the capacity for unlimited proliferation while retaining their
; M6 h' @1 H1 \, @9 l: O1 S: Fpotential to differentiate into a wide variety of cell types. Murine, primate and human5 v/ r1 |8 r- a( d) g0 D' L
embryonic stem cells (ESCs) exhibit a very unusual cell cycle structure, characterized7 g9 }1 f" M3 ?2 a5 p0 p K' {, [5 F
by a short G1 phase and a high proportion of cells in S-phase. In the case of mESCs, this- H+ u4 g! n8 [1 j
is associated with a unique mechanism of cell cycle regulation, underpinned by the precocious
0 \: L' U, L! A8 bactivity of cyclin dependent protein kinase (Cdk) activities. As ES cells differentiate,
8 V5 Z( `- h1 ~% \their cell cycle structure changes dramatically so as to incorporate a significantly( j- M, h* W& y6 ]- o8 @
longer G1 phase and their mechanism of cell cycle regulation changes to that typically& ]- N& E! a b8 @5 h! `2 |( q
seen in other mammalian cells. The unique cell cycle structure and mechanism of cell
+ d9 i# Y3 n& }, X) z; Acycle control indicates that the cell cycle machinery plays a role in establishment or% x: L: R" a. d; F& L0 x
maintenance of the stem cell state. This idea is supported by the frequent involvement3 X, k6 q" o2 L+ q0 j7 E+ b
of cell cycle regulatory molecules in cell immortalization.) u6 X: `) E! |# i
Index Entries: ES cells; cell cycle; Cdk; pluripotent.
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Cell cycle control of embryonic stem cells.pdf
(268.19 KB)
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发表于 2009-4-20 11:50
