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本帖最后由 细胞海洋 于 2012-3-26 13:34 编辑 2 p8 u# p/ _+ K J6 T* _
/ H( M D8 N2 }9 JCellular DNA is subjected to continual attack, both by reactive species inside& |5 M: @; p( h+ r4 L$ }& c
cells and by environmental agents. Toxic and mutagenic consequences are
. N5 Y* k# `1 [$ @7 U$ `* Cminimized by distinct pathways of repair, and 130 known human DNA repair9 k8 Y4 U; h/ ^3 \- `9 v8 J. S% c
genes are described here. Notable features presently include four enzymes that7 \4 S% K! H/ L3 W! \; G) ^- n
can remove uracil from DNA, seven recombination genes related to RAD51, and
' P& }0 F1 J! z( d. Mmany recently discovered DNA polymerases that bypass damage, but only one) O) D$ b! t) _( Y9 y9 G/ o% M$ N
system to remove the main DNA lesions induced by ultraviolet light. More
. u F: Z0 x1 R8 t1 ohuman DNA repair genes will be found by comparison with model organisms
q: S* _; n5 j7 p8 N. }. ^0 ]and as common folds in three-dimensional protein structures are determined.+ V9 p: [" Q( V: S3 \( a
Modulation of DNA repair should lead to clinical applications including im-' {. l W/ q$ W& n* l0 h; X
provement of radiotherapy and treatment with anticancer drugs and an ad-
" M3 `# V) s! y3 W' L! E8 ]vanced understanding of the cellular aging process.
! t; v4 q, K/ n% o0 \- r0 Z+ B8 e; e2 l, K& n" f- k/ g1 X
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发表于 2012-3-26 11:00
